Get the index of an element in a queryset

问题:

I have a QuerySet, let's call it qs, which is ordered by some attribute which is irrelevant to this problem. Then I have an object, let's call it obj. Now I'd like to know at what index obj has in qs, as efficiently as possible. I know that I could use .index() from Python or possibly loop through qs comparing each object to obj, but what is the best way to go about doing this? I'm looking for high performance and that's my only criteria.

Using Python 2.6.2 with Django 1.0.2 on Windows.

回答1:

QuerySets in Django are actually generators, not lists (for further details, see Django documentation on QuerySets).
As such, there is no shortcut to get the index of an element, and I think a plain iteration is the best way to do it.

For starter, I would implement your requirement in the simplest way possible (like iterating); if you really have performance issues, then I would use some different approach, like building a queryset with a smaller amount of fields, or whatever.
In any case, the idea is to leave such tricks as late as possible, when you definitely knows you need them.
Update: You may want to use directly some SQL statement to get the rownumber (something lie . However, Django's ORM does not support this natively and you have to use a raw SQL query (see documentation). I think this could be the best option, but again - only if you really see a real performance issue.

回答2:

Compact and probably the most efficient:

for index, item in enumerate(your_queryset):
    ...

回答3:

If you just want to know where you object sits amongst all others (e.g. when determining rank), you can do it quickly by counting the objects before you:

    index = MyModel.objects.filter(sortField__lt = myObject.sortField).count()

回答4:

Assuming for the purpose of illustration that your models are standard with a primary key id, then evaluating

list(qs.values_list('id', flat=True)).index(obj.id)

will find the index of obj in qs. While the use of list evaluates the queryset, it evaluates not the original queryset but a derived queryset. This evaluation runs a SQL query to get the id fields only, not wasting time fetching other fields.

回答5:

You can do this using queryset.extra(…) and some raw SQL like so:

queryset = queryset.order_by("id")
record500 = queryset[500]

numbered_qs = queryset.extra(select={
    'queryset_row_number': 'ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY "id")'
})

from django.db import connection
cursor = connection.cursor()
cursor.execute(
    "WITH OrderedQueryset AS (" + str(numbered_qs.query) + ") "
    "SELECT queryset_row_number FROM OrderedQueryset WHERE id = %s",
    [record500.id]
    )
index = cursor.fetchall()[0][0]

index == 501 # because row_number() is 1 indexed not 0 indexed