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问题:
I am using the Ruby on Rails 3.1 pre version. I like to use PostgreSQL, but the problem is installing the pg
gem. It gives me the following error:
$ gem install pg
Building native extensions. This could take a while...
ERROR: Error installing pg:
ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.
/home/u/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p0/bin/ruby extconf.rb
checking for pg_config... no
No pg_config... trying anyway. If building fails, please try again with
--with-pg-config=/path/to/pg_config
checking for libpq-fe.h... no
Can\'t find the \'libpq-fe.h header
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of
necessary libraries and/or headers. Check the mkmf.log file for more
details. You may need configuration options.
Provided configuration options:
--with-opt-dir
--without-opt-dir
--with-opt-include
--without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
--with-opt-lib
--without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
--with-make-prog
--without-make-prog
--srcdir=.
--curdir
--ruby=/home/u/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p0/bin/ruby
--with-pg
--without-pg
--with-pg-dir
--without-pg-dir
--with-pg-include
--without-pg-include=${pg-dir}/include
--with-pg-lib
--without-pg-lib=${pg-dir}/lib
--with-pg-config
--without-pg-config
--with-pg_config
--without-pg_config
Gem files will remain installed in /home/u/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0/gems/pg-0.11.0 for inspection.
Results logged to /home/u/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0/gems/pg-0.11.0/ext/gem_make.out
How do I solve this problem?
回答1:
It looks like in Ubuntu that header is part of the libpq-dev
package (at least in the following Ubuntu versions:
11.04 (Natty Narwhal), 10.04 (Lucid Lynx), 11.10 (Oneiric Ocelot), 12.04 (Precise Pangolin), 14.04 (Trusty Tahr) and 18.04 (Bionic Beaver)):
...
/usr/include/postgresql/libpq-fe.h
...
So try installing libpq-dev
or its equivalent for your OS:
- For Ubuntu systems:
sudo apt-get install libpq-dev
- On Red Hat Linux (RHEL) systems:
yum install postgresql-devel
- For Mac Homebrew:
brew install postgresql
- For Mac MacPorts PostgreSQL:
gem install pg -- --with-pg-config=/opt/local/lib/postgresql[version number]/bin/pg_config
- For OpenSuse:
zypper in postgresql-devel
- For ArchLinux:
pacman -S postgresql-libs
回答2:
On macOS (previously Mac OS X and OS X), use Homebrew to install the proper headers:
brew install postgresql
and then running
gem install pg
should work.
回答3:
I had also tried doing gem install libpq-dev
, but I received this error:
Can\'t find the \'libpq-fe.h header
*** extconf.rb failed ***
However I found that installing with sudo apt-get
(which I try to avoid using with Ruby on Rails) worked, i.e.
sudo apt-get install libpq-dev
# or
apt-get install postgres-server-dev-{pg.version}
# for postgresql 9.4 on Ubuntu 14.04
then I was able to do
gem install pg
without issues.
回答4:
I could solve this in another way. I didn\'t find the library on my system. Thus I installed it using an app from PostgreSQL main website. In my case (OS X) I found the file under /Library/PostgreSQL/9.1/include/
once the installation was over. You may also have the file somewhere else depending on your system if you already have PostgreSQL installed.
Thanks to this link on how to add an additional path for gem installation, I could point the gem to the lib with this command:
export CONFIGURE_ARGS=\"with-pg-include=/Library/PostgreSQL/9.1/include/\"
gem install pg
After that, it works, because it now knows where to find the missing library. Just replace the path with the right location for your libpq-fe.h
回答5:
Can\'t find the libpq-fe.h header
i had success on CentOS 7.0.1406 running the following commands:
~ % psql --version # => psql (PostgreSQL) 9.4.1
yum install libpqxx-devel
gem install pg -- --with-pg-config=/usr/pgsql-9.4/bin/pg_config
Alternatively, you can configure bundler to always install pg
with these options (helpful for running bundler in deploy environments),
bundle config build.pg --with-pg-config=/usr/pgsql-9.4/bin/pg_config
回答6:
For CentOS 6.4,
yum install postgresql-devel
gem install pg
worked well!
回答7:
Just for the record:
Ruby on Rails 4 application in OS X with PostgresApp (in this case 0.17.1 version needed - kind of an old project):
gem install pg -v \'0.17.1\' -- --with-pg-config=/Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/Versions/9.3/bin/pg_config
回答8:
On Mac OS X run like this:
gem install pg -- --with-pg-config=***/path/to/pg_config***
***/path/to/pg_config***
is path to pg_config
回答9:
In my case it was package postgresql-server-dev-8.4
(I am on Ubuntu 11.04 (Natty Narwhal), 64 bits).
回答10:
The right answer for Mac users with Postgres.app is to build against the libpq
provided with that package. For example, with the 9.4 release (current as of this writing), all you need is:
export CONFIGURE_ARGS=\"with-pg-include=/Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/Versions/9.4/include\"
gem install pg
This will keep your pg
gem in sync with exactly the version of PostgreSQL you have installed. Installing something from Homebrew is a waste in this case.
回答11:
I had the same issue on Amazon Linux. I could find the header libpq-fe.h
, but somehow it didn\'t work.
It came from the different versions of the packages that were installed through the different users on the machine. PostgreSQL 9.2 and PostgreSQL 9.3 were installed. So, make sure of your PostgreSQL version before including the libraries.
For me, the magic command line was:
sudo yum install postgresql93 postgresql93-server postgresql93-libs postgresql93-contrib postgresql93-devel
Source: An almost idiot\'s guide to install PostgreSQL 9.3, PostGIS 2.1 and pgRouting with Yum
回答12:
A more general answer for any Debian-based distribution (which includes Ubuntu) is the following. First, install the apt-file
package running as root:
apt-get install apt-file
This allows you to search for packages containing a file. Then, update its database using
apt-file update
(this can be run as normal user). Then, look for the missing header using:
apt-file search libpq-fe.h
On my machine, this gives:
libpq-dev: /usr/include/postgresql/libpq-fe.h
postgres-xc-server-dev: /usr/include/postgres-xc/server/gtm/libpq-fe.h
There you go !
回答13:
I had the same problem on Mac OS, but I installed the PostgreSQL gem easily by using the following in a terminal:
ARCHFLAGS=\"-arch x86_64\" gem install pg
(I installed PostgreSQL first with brew install postgresql
.)
回答14:
I found this answer, and it was the only one that worked for me (Mac OS) - after researching for about two days:
$ sudo su
$ env ARCHFLAGS=\"-arch x86_64\" gem install pg
Building native extensions. This could take a while...
Successfully installed pg-0.11.0
1 gem installed
Installing ri documentation for pg-0.11.0...
Installing RDoc documentation for pg-0.11.0...
See Stack Overflow question Can't find the PostgreSQL client library (libpq).
回答15:
I recently upgraded to Mac OS X v10.10 (Yosemite) and was having difficulty building the pg
gem.
The error reported was the typical:
Using config values from /usr/local/bin/pg_config
checking for libpq-fe.h... *** extconf.rb failed ***
My solution was to gem uninstall pg
and then bundle update pg
to replace the gem with the latest. I did run brew update; brew upgrade
after the Yosemite install to get the latest versions of packages I had installed previously.
回答16:
On a Mac, I solved it using this code:
gem install pg -v \'0.18.4\' -- --with-pg-config=/Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/Versions/9.4/bin/pg_config
回答17:
On CentOS,I installed libpq-dev package
using below command
yum install postgresql-devel
Executing gem install pg
returned the same error as \"No pg_config... trying anyway. If building fails, please try again with --with-pg-config=/path/to/pg_config
\".
Installing the gem as below solved my problem
gem install pg -- --with-pg-config=/usr/pgsql-x.x/bin/pg_config
回答18:
I am running Postgres.app on a Mac and I had to
export PATH=$PATH:/Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/Versions/9.4/bin
first. Then
bundle install
worked for me.
回答19:
For MacOS without installing PostgreSQL server:
brew install libpq
gem install pg -- --with-pg-config=\"/usr/local/Cellar/libpq/9.6.6/bin/pg_config\"
回答20:
On FreeBSD (9.1) the necessary package is /usr/ports/database/postgresql-server* which when installed will also install the required header file that makes the gem install of \"pg\" fail. This answer here helped me find the solution but the difference in package names required a bit of searching.
Hopefully this helps someone avoid a bit of head scratching when searching for the \"-dev\" package on a FreeBSD system!
回答21:
On Debian 7.0, 64-bit (Wheezy), just run:
sudo apt-get install libpq-dev
After you successfully installed libpq-dev, run:
bundle install
回答22:
Under CentOS 6.5 (Squeeze) I created a file:
$ sudo touch /etc/profile.d/psql.sh
with content:
pathmunge /usr/pgsql-9.3/bin
Note here, you should set your PostgreSQL path with the pg_config file. You can find this with the command:
$ sudo find / -iname pg_config
Save the file:
$ sudo chmod +x /etc/profile.d/ruby.sh
and try to execute your command again.
Note: Anytime you change the Bash configuration - changing the profile.d configuration - you should reload Bash.
回答23:
The location of libpq-fe.h
depends on where your PostgreSQL install is (which depends on how you installed it). Use locate
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locate_%28Unix%29) to find the libpq-fe.h
file on your machine. If it exists, it will be in the include
directory of your PostgreSQL install.
$ locate libpq-fe.h
/Library/PostgreSQL/9.1/include/libpq-fe.h
The bin
directory, which contains pg_config
, will be in the same directory as the include
directory. As the error suggests, use the --with-pg-config option to install the gem:
$ gem install pg --with-pg-config=\"/Library/PostgreSQL/9.1/bin/pg_config\"
Note that you may need to run updatedb
if you have never used locate
or if you haven\'t updated since installing PostgreSQL.
回答24:
I finally solved this problem, but not using the previously described methods.
Using brew install postgresql
, I find out that it had already been installed, but not linked.
Find out where PostgreSQL is installed, and delete it,
Then brew install postgresql
again,
brew link postgresql
gem install pg
回答25:
I just had this on OSX running brew and postgres@9.4
.
My fix was this:
CONFIGURE_ARGS=\"with-pg-include=/usr/local/opt/postgresql@9.4/include/\" bundle install
回答26:
On Ubuntu, install the \"libpq-dev\" to get rid of this issue.
sudo apt-get install libpq-dev
回答27:
For AltLinux
the package postgresqlx.x-devel
(in my case postgresql9.5-devel
) must be installed:
apt-get install postgresql9.5-devel
回答28:
I solved this installing the \'postgresql-common\' package. This package provides the pg_config
binary which is most likely what you were missing.
回答29:
I was having a similar problem, and this fixed it for me:
gem install do_postgres -- --with-pgsql-server-dir=/Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/MacOS --with-pgsql-server-include=/Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/MacOS/include/server
Source:
https://gist.github.com/oisin/6562181
回答30:
On OS X 10.9 (Mavericks), I brew-installed postgresql
, and I then had to rvm reinstall
my Ruby. I am happy now :)