Linux: remove file extensions for multiple files

问题:

I have many files with .txt extension. How to remove .txt extension for multiple files in linux?

I found that

rename .old .new *.old

substitutes .old extension to the .new

Also I want to do this for files in sub-folders.

回答1:

rename is slightly dangerous, since according to its manual page:

rename will rename the specified files by replacing the first occurrence of...

It will happily do the wrong thing with filenames like c.txt.parser.y.

Here's a solution using find and bash:

find -type f -name '*.txt' | while read f; do mv "$f" "${f%.txt}"; done

Keep in mind that this will break if a filename contains a newline (rare, but not impossible).

If you have GNU find, this is a more solid solution:

find -type f -name '*.txt' -print0 | while read -d $'\0' f; do mv "$f" "${f%.txt}"; done

回答2:

I use this:

find ./ -name "*.old" -exec sh -c 'mv $0 `basename "$0" .old`.new' '{}' \;

回答3:

The Perl version of rename can remove an extension as follows:

rename 's/\.txt$//' *.txt

This could be combined with find in order to also do sub-folders.

回答4:

You can explicitly pass in an empty string as an argument.

rename .old '' *.old

And with subfolders, find . -type d -exec rename .old '' {}/*.old \;. {} is the substitute for the entry found with find, and \; terminates the arglist for the command given after -exec.

回答5:

In case it helps, here's how I do it with zsh:

for f in ./**/*.old; do
    mv "${f}" "${f%.old}"
done

The ${x%pattern} construct in zsh removes the shortest occurence of pattern at the end of $x. Here it is abstracted as a function:

function chgext () {
    local srcext=".old"
    local dstext=""
    local dir="."

    [[ "$#" -ge 1 ]] && srcext="$1"
    [[ "$#" -gt 2 ]] && dstext="$2" dir="$3" || dir="${2:-.}"

    local bname=''
    for f in "${dir}"/**/*"${srcext}"; do
        bname="${f%${srcext}}"
        echo "${bname}{${srcext} → ${dstext}}"
        mv "${f}" "${bname}${dstext}"
    done
}

Usage:

chgext
chgext src
chgext src dir
chgext src dst dir

Where `src` is the extension to find (default: ".old")
      `dst` is the extension to replace with (default: "")
      `dir` is the directory to act on (default: ".")

回答6:

For subfolders:

for i in `find myfolder -type d`; do
  rename .old .new $i/*.old
done

回答7:

In Fish, you can do

for file in *.old
      touch (basename "$file" .old).new
end