Uncaught ReferenceError: exports is not defined an

问题:

I'm using angularjs and typescript to create some app, I'm having a trouble with this error that I can't solve

Here is my *.ts code

export var NgApp = new application.Startup();

///<reference path="../../../../../typings/tsd.d.ts"/>
import {NgApp} from "../../bootstrap";



module views.components.home {
    export class HomeComponent {
        public constructor() {
        }

        public static factory():Function[] {
            return [
                () => new HomeComponent()
            ]
        }

    }

}

NgApp.registerComponents(views.components.home,() => this.app.controller);

Here is my GULP task

let tsResult = gulp.src('src/**/*.ts').pipe(ts({
    module: 'commonjs',
    sourceMap: true
}));

let taskTs = tsResult.js.pipe(gulp.dest('built/'));

This is my error: Uncaught ReferenceError: exports is not defined

The question is: How can I use import like es6 in typescript? What I am missing?

回答1:

I use angular 1.6 and webpack, it works on my side when i changed the module to "umd"

UMD: Universal Module Definition This has brought about the push for a “universal” pattern that supports both styles (AMD and CommonJS)

reference: http://davidbcalhoun.com/2014/what-is-amd-commonjs-and-umd/

pasted here is my tsconfig.json after I changed it, I run $ tsc

{
  "compilerOptions": {
    "target": "es5",
    "module": "umd",
    "moduleResolution": "node",
    "sourceMap": true,
    "emitDecoratorMetadata": true,
    "experimentalDecorators": true,
    "lib": [ "es2015", "dom" ],
    "noImplicitAny": true,
    "removeComments": true,
    "preserveConstEnums": true,
    "allowUnreachableCode": true
  },
  "exclude": [
    "node_modules"
  ]
}

then my "exports is not defined" error is gone.

回答2:

click here "Solved finally" i was also getting same error i changed module:"commonjs" to "module": "es6", because targeting ES5 remove the import/export statements, so these tools cannot remove unused exports.

{
    "compilerOptions": {
    "target": "es5",
    "module": "es6",
    "moduleResolution": "node",
    "sourceMap": true,
    "emitDecoratorMetadata": true,
    "experimentalDecorators": true,
    "lib": [ "es2015", "dom" ],
    "noImplicitAny": true,
    "suppressImplicitAnyIndexErrors": true
    }

}

回答3:

How can I use import like es6 in typescript? What I am missing?

You need to use a module loader. Here is a sample that uses webpack : https://github.com/AngularClass/angular2-webpack-starter