How to sort Core Data fetched properties

问题:

The Core Data Documentation states that:

The fetch request associated with the [fetched] property can have a sort ordering, and thus the fetched property may be ordered.

How do I specify the sort descriptors for the fetched property in Xcode's data model editor? I can't find a relevant field anywhere. I'm developing for the iPhone platform, if this makes any difference.

If this is not possible via the graphical model editor, how do I go about modifying the fetch request for the fetched property in code so that it has a sort descriptor?

回答1:

The modeling tool doesn't appear to have a way to set the sort descriptors on the fetch request.

It should be possible[1] to, after loading the model but before associating it with a persistent store coordinator, to find the fetched property descriptions for which you want to control the sort order, and replace their fetch requests with fetch requests that have sort descriptors set on them.

[1] In principle this should work. In practice, I have not done so or tested it.

回答2:

You can actually grab the model fetched property and add the sort descriptors to it (again, in code). I did this in the standard method that XCode generates in your AppDelegate if you choose one of the templates with Core Data:

By the way. This sorts ALL fetched properties on ALL models in your data model. You could get fancy and adaptive with it, but it was the most succinct way to handle sorting the 7 separate models that each had fetched properties that needed to be sorted by name. Works well.

/**
 Returns the managed object model for the application.
 If the model doesn't already exist, it is created by merging all of the models found in the application bundle.
 */
- (NSManagedObjectModel *)managedObjectModel {

    if (managedObjectModel != nil) {
        return managedObjectModel;
    }
    managedObjectModel = [[NSManagedObjectModel mergedModelFromBundles:nil] retain];    

    // Find the fetched properties, and make them sorted...
    for (NSEntityDescription *entity in [managedObjectModel entities]) {
        for (NSPropertyDescription *property in [entity properties]) {
            if ([property isKindOfClass:[NSFetchedPropertyDescription class]]) {
                NSFetchedPropertyDescription *fetchedProperty = (NSFetchedPropertyDescription *)property;
                NSFetchRequest *fetchRequest = [fetchedProperty fetchRequest];

                // Only sort by name if the destination entity actually has a "name" field
                if ([[[[fetchRequest entity] propertiesByName] allKeys] containsObject:@"name"]) {
                    NSSortDescriptor *sortByName = [[NSSortDescriptor alloc] initWithKey:@"name" ascending:YES];
                    [fetchRequest setSortDescriptors:[NSArray arrayWithObject:sortByName]];
                    [sortByName release];
                }
            }
        }
    }

    return managedObjectModel;
}

回答3:

You don't specify them in the graphical editor (as far as I know).

You specify them in the code where you make the fetch.

NSFetchRequest* request = [[NSFetchRequest alloc] init];
NSEntityDescription* entity = [NSEntityDescription entityForName:@"whatYouAreLookingFor"
    inManagedObjectContext:self.managedObjectContext];
[request setEntity:entity];

// here's where you specify the sort
NSSortDescriptor* sortDescriptor = [[NSSortDescriptor alloc]
                                initWithKey:@"name" ascending:YES];
NSArray* sortDescriptors = [[[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects: sortDescriptor, nil] autorelease];
[request setSortDescriptors:sortDescriptors];
[sortDescriptor release];

fetchedResultsController = [[NSFetchedResultsController alloc]
               initWithFetchRequest:request
               managedObjectContext:self.managedObjectContext
                 sectionNameKeyPath:nil
                          cacheName:@"myCache"];

回答4:

Using Tim Shadel's great answer I added per-NSManagedObject subclass sorting...

...in Tier.m (which is a NSManagedObject subclass)...

+ (void)initialize
{
    if(self == [Tier class])
    {
        NSFetchedPropertyDescription *displayLessonPropertyDescription = [[[Tier entityDescription] propertiesByName] objectForKey:@"displayLesson"];
        NSFetchRequest *fetchRequest = [displayLessonPropertyDescription fetchRequest];

        NSSortDescriptor *sortByName = [[NSSortDescriptor alloc] initWithKey:@"displayOrder" ascending:YES];
       [fetchRequest setSortDescriptors:[NSArray arrayWithObject:sortByName]];
        [sortByName release];
    }
}

回答5:

Sadly, though, the ability to sort is somewhat limited. For example, you cannot take a field that is an NSString containing a number, and sort it numerically, at least not with a SQLite backing store. As long as you are sorting alphabetically on strings, numerically only on values stored as numbers and so forth, though, the NSSortDescriptor applied to the fetch request works just fine.

回答6:

Put this into your NSManagedObject subclass:

+ (void)initialize
{
    if (self != [EntityManagedObjectSubClass class]) return;
    NSManagedObjectModel *managedObjectModel = [NSManagedObjectModel mergedModelFromBundles:nil];
    NSEntityDescription *entityDescription = [managedObjectModel entitiesByName][@"entityName"];
    NSFetchedPropertyDescription *fetchedPropertyDescription = [entityDescription propertiesByName][@"fetchedPropertyName"];
    NSFetchRequest *fetchRequest = [fetchedPropertyDescription fetchRequest];
    NSSortDescriptor *sortDescriptor = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@"sortDescriptorKey" ascending:YES];
    [fetchRequest setSortDescriptors:[NSArray arrayWithObject:sortDescriptor]];
}

Replace EntityManagedObjectSubClass, entityName, fetchedPropertyName and sortDescriptorKey with your own stuff.

回答7:

For a single fetched property, Swift 4, Xcode 9.4:

// retrieve the fetched property's fetch request    
let fetchedPropertyRequest = (modelName.entitiesByName["entityName"]!.propertiesByName["fetchedPropertyName"] as! NSFetchedPropertyDescription).fetchRequest

// set up the sort descriptors
let sortDescriptors = [NSSortDescriptor(key: "keyName", ascending: true)]

// add the sort descriptors to the fetch request
fetchedPropertyRequest!.sortDescriptors = sortDescriptors

Here's the same thing the loooonnnnnnggggggg way:

// retrieve the fetched property's fetch request
let theEntityDescription: NSEntityDescription = modelName.entitiesByName["entityName"]!
let theFetchedPropertyDescription = theEntityDescription.propertiesByName["fetchedPropertyName"]! as! NSFetchedPropertyDescription
let theFetchedPropertyRequest = theFetchedPropertyDescription.fetchRequest

// set up the sort descriptors
let sortDescriptor1 = NSSortDescriptor(key: "keyName", ascending: true)
let theSortDescriptors = [sortDescriptor1]

// add the sort descriptors to the fetch request
theFetchedPropertyRequest!.sortDescriptors = theSortDescriptors

Note: for this example, I force-unwrapped values. Make sure that you account for optional values in your actual code!

回答8:

Jeff, if the strings are right-aligned, you could just sort on the strings; " 123" > " 23" and so on. But iirc ascii space is after the numbers, and if so, then what you would do is create a dynamic property that is an NSNumber (which supports the compare: method), and use the numberFromString: method to make a number from the string. Then you can specify the number field in the sort. In the interface:

@property NSString *stringIsaNumber; // in the data model
@property NSNumber *number;

in the implementation:

@dynamic stringIsaNumber; 
- (NSNumber *) number ;
{ return [self.stringIsaNumber numberFromString]; }
- (void) setNumber:(NSNumber *)value;
{ self.stringIsaNumber = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%5i",value) }

ps plz forgive coding errors, this is off the top of my head.