scrapy and xpath function 'matches' syntax

问题:

I'm running scrapy 0.20.2.

$ scrapy shell "http://newyork.craigslist.org/ata/"

I would like to make the list of all links to advertisements pages set apart the index.html

$ sel.xpath('//a[contains(@href,html)]')
... 
<Selector xpath='//a[contains(@href,"html")]' data=u'<a href="/mnh/atq/4243973984.html">Wicke'>,
<Selector xpath='//a[contains(@href,"html")]' data=u'<a href="/mnh/atd/4257230057.html" class'>,
<Selector xpath='//a[contains(@href,"html")]' data=u'<a href="/mnh/atd/4257230057.html">Recla'>,
<Selector xpath='//a[contains(@href,"html")]' data=u'<a href="/ata/index100.html" class="butt'>]

I would like to use the XPath matches function to match links the form of the regex [0-9]+.html.

$ sel.xpath('//a[matches(@href,"[0-9]+.html")]')
...
ValueError: Invalid XPath: //a[matches(@href,"[0-9]+.html")]

What's wrong? Thank you.

回答1:

matches is an XPath 2.0 function, and scrapy only supports XPath 1.0 (which does not have any regular expression support built in). You'll have to extract all the links using a scrapy selector and then do the regex filtering at the Python level rather than within the XPath.

回答2:

For this special use case, there is an XPath 1.0-workaround using translate(...):

//a[
  translate(substring-before(@href, '.html'), '0123456789', '') = ''
  and @href != '.html'
  and substring-after(@href, '.html') = '']

The translate(...) call removes all digits from the name part before the .html extension. The second line check makes sure .html is excluded (nothing before the dot), the last makes sure .html actually is the file extension.