How to get all groups that a user is a member of?

问题:

PowerShell's Get-ADGroupMember cmdlet returns members of a specific group. Is there a cmdlet or property to get all the groups that a particular user is a member of?

---

I fixed my mistake: Get-Member should be Get-ADGroupMember.

回答1:

Get-ADPrincipalGroupMembership will do this.

Get-ADPrincipalGroupMembership username | select name

name
----
Domain Users
Domain Computers
Workstation Admins
Company Users
Company Developers
AutomatedProcessingTeam

回答2:

Single line, no modules necessary, uses current logged user:

(New-Object System.DirectoryServices.DirectorySearcher("(&(objectCategory=User)(samAccountName=$($env:username)))")).FindOne().GetDirectoryEntry().memberOf

Qudos to this vbs/powershell article: http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff730963.aspx

回答3:

A more concise alternative to the one posted by Canoas, to get group membership for the currently-logged-on user.

I came across this method in this blog post: http://www.travisrunyard.com/2013/03/26/auto-create-outlook-mapi-user-profiles/

([ADSISEARCHER]"samaccountname=$($env:USERNAME)").Findone().Properties.memberof

An even better version which uses a regex to strip the LDAP guff and leaves the group names only:

([ADSISEARCHER]"samaccountname=$($env:USERNAME)").Findone().Properties.memberof -replace '^CN=([^,]+).+$','$1'

More details about using the [ADSISEARCHER] type accelerator can be found on the scripting guy blog: http://blogs.technet.com/b/heyscriptingguy/archive/2010/08/24/use-the-powershell-adsisearcher-type-accelerator-to-search-active-directory.aspx

回答4:

(GET-ADUSER –Identity USERNAME –Properties MemberOf | Select-Object MemberOf).MemberOf

回答5:

Old school way from CMD:

net user mst999 /domain 

回答6:

Get group membership for a user:

$strUserName = "Primoz"
$strUser = get-qaduser -SamAccountName $strUserName
$strUser.memberof

See Get Group Membership for a User

But also see Quest's Free PowerShell Commands for Active Directory.

[Edit: Get-ADPrincipalGroupMembership command is included in Powershell since v2 with Windows 2008 R2. See kstrauss' answer below.]

回答7:

Get-Member is a cmdlet for listing the members of a .NET object. This has nothing to do with user/group membership. You can get the current user's group membership like so:

PS> [System.Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent().Groups | 
         Format-Table -auto

BinaryLength AccountDomainSid    Value
------------ ----------------    -----
          28 S-1-5-21-...        S-1-5-21-2229937839-1383249143-3977914998-513
          12                     S-1-1-0
          28 S-1-5-21-...        S-1-5-21-2229937839-1383249143-3977914998-1010
          28 S-1-5-21-...        S-1-5-21-2229937839-1383249143-3977914998-1003
          16                     S-1-5-32-545
...

If you need access to arbitrary users' group info then @tiagoinu suggestion of using the Quest AD cmdlets is a better way to go.

回答8:

No need for long scripts when it is a simple one liner..

QUEST Command

(Get-QADUser -Identity john -IncludedProperties MemberOf | Select-Object MemberOf).MemberOf

MS AD Command

(GET-ADUSER –Identity john –Properties MemberOf | Select-Object MemberOf).MemberOf

I find the MS AD cmd is faster but some people like the Quest ones better..

Steve

回答9:

Get-Member is not for getting user's group membership. If you want to get a list of groups a user belongs to on the local system, you can do so by:

$query = "ASSOCIATORS OF {Win32_Account.Name='DemoUser1',Domain='DomainName'} WHERE ResultRole=GroupComponent ResultClass=Win32_Account"

Get-WMIObject -Query $query | Select Name

In the above query, replace DemoUser1 with the username you want and the DomainName with either your local computer name or domain name.

回答10:

Use:

Get-ADPrincipalGroupMembership username | select name | export-CSV username.csv

This pipes output of the command into a CSV file.

回答11:

It is just one line:

(get-aduser joe.bloggs -properties *).memberof

end of :)

回答12:

First, import the activedirectory module:

import-module activedirectory

Then issue this command:

Get-ADGroupMember -Identity $group | foreach-object {
    Write-Host $_.SamAccountName
}

This will display the members of the specified group.

回答13:

The below works well:

get-aduser $username -Properties memberof | select -expand memberof

If you have a list of users:

$list = 'administrator','testuser1','testuser2'
$list | `
    %{  
        $user = $_; 
        get-aduser $user -Properties memberof | `
        select -expand memberof | `
        %{new-object PSObject -property @{User=$user;Group=$_;}} `
    }

回答14:

I wrote a PowerShell function called Get-ADPrincipalGroupMembershipRecursive. It accepts the DSN of a user, computer, group, or service account. It retrieves an initial list of groups from the account's memberOf attribute, then recursively checks those group's memberships. Abbreviated code is below. Full source code with comments can be found here.

function Get-ADPrincipalGroupMembershipRecursive( ) {

    Param(
        [string] $dsn,
        [array]$groups = @()
    )

    $obj = Get-ADObject $dsn -Properties memberOf

    foreach( $groupDsn in $obj.memberOf ) {

        $tmpGrp = Get-ADObject $groupDsn -Properties memberOf

        if( ($groups | where { $_.DistinguishedName -eq $groupDsn }).Count -eq 0 ) {
            $groups +=  $tmpGrp           
            $groups = Get-ADPrincipalGroupMembershipRecursive $groupDsn $groups
        }
    }

    return $groups
}

# Simple Example of how to use the function
$username = Read-Host -Prompt "Enter a username"
$groups   = Get-ADPrincipalGroupMembershipRecursive (Get-ADUser $username).DistinguishedName
$groups | Sort-Object -Property name | Format-Table

回答15:

Get-QADUser -SamAccountName LoginID | % {$_.MemberOf } | Get-QADGroup | select name

回答16:

I couldn't get the following to work for a particular user:

Get-ADPrincipalGroupMembership username

It threw an error that I was not willing to troubleshoot.

I did however come up with a different solution using Get-ADUser. I like it a bit better because if you don't know the account name then you can get it based off of a wildcard on the user's actual name. Just fill in PartOfUsersName and away it goes.

#Get the groups that list of users are the member of using a wildcard search

[string]$UserNameLike = "*PartOfUsersName*" #Use * for wildcards here
[array]$AccountNames = $(Get-ADUser -Filter {Name -like $UserNameLike}).SamAccountName

ForEach ($AccountName In $AccountNames) {
Write-Host "`nGETTING GROUPS FOR" $AccountName.ToUpper() ":"
(Get-ADUser -Identity $AccountName -Properties MemberOf|select MemberOf).MemberOf|
    Get-ADGroup|select Name|sort name
    }

Huge props to schmeckendeugler and 8DH for getting me to this solution. +1 to both of you.

回答17:

Import-Module ActiveDirectory
Get-ADUser -SearchBase "OU=Users,DC=domain,DC=local" -Filter * | foreach-object {
write-host "User:" $_.Name -foreground green
    Get-ADPrincipalGroupMembership $_.SamAccountName | foreach-object {
        write-host "Member Of:" $_.name
    }
}

Change the value of -SearchBase to reflect the OU you need to list the users from :)

This will list all of the users in that OU and show you which groups they are a member of.

回答18:

Get-ADPrincipalGroupMembership USERLOGON | select name

回答19:

   Get-ADUser -Filter { memberOf -RecursiveMatch "CN=Administrators,CN=Builtin,DC=Fabrikam,DC=com" } -SearchBase "CN=Administrator,CN=Users,DC=Fabrikam,DC=com"  -SearchScope Base
                  ## NOTE: The above command will return the user object (Administrator in this case) if it finds a match recursively in memberOf attribute. 

回答20:

This is the simplest way to just get the names:

Get-ADPrincipalGroupMembership "YourUserName"

# Returns distinguishedName : CN=users,OU=test,DC=SomeWhere GroupCategory : Security GroupScope : Global name : testGroup objectClass : group objectGUID : 2130ed49-24c4-4a17-88e6-dd4477d15a4c SamAccountName : testGroup SID : S-1-5-21-2114067515-1964795913-1973001494-71628

Add a select statement to trim the response or to get every user in an OU every group they are a user of:

foreach ($user in (get-aduser -SearchScope Subtree -SearchBase $oupath -filter * -Properties samaccountName, MemberOf | select samaccountName)){ Get-ADPrincipalGroupMembership $user.samaccountName | select name}

回答21:

To get it recursive, you can use:

<# 
    .SYNOPSIS   
        Get all the groups that a user is MemberOf.

    .DESCRIPTION
        This script retrieves all the groups that a user is MemberOf in a recursive way.

    .PARAMETER SamAccountName
        The name of the user you want to check #>

Param (
    [String]$SamAccountName = 'test',
    $DomainUsersGroup = 'CN=Domain Users,CN=Users,DC=domain,DC=net'
)


Function Get-ADMemberOf {
    Param (
        [Parameter(ValueFromPipeline)]
        [PSObject[]]$Group,
        [String]$DomainUsersGroup = 'CN=Domain Users,CN=Users,DC=grouphc,DC=net'
    )
    Process {
        foreach ($G in $Group) {
            $G | Get-ADGroup | Select -ExpandProperty Name
            Get-ADGroup $G -Properties MemberOf| Select-Object Memberof | ForEach-Object {
                Get-ADMemberOf $_.Memberof
            }
        }
    }
}


$Groups = Get-ADUser $SamAccountName -Properties MemberOf | Select-Object -ExpandProperty MemberOf
$Groups += $DomainUsersGroup
$Groups | Get-ADMemberOf | Select -Unique | Sort-Object

回答22:

Almost all above solutions used the ActiveDirecotry module which might not be available by default in most cases.

I used below method. A bit indirect, but served my purpose.

List all available groups

Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_Group

And then list the groups the user belongs to

[System.Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent().Groups

Comparison can then be done via checking through the SIDs. This works for the logged in user. Please correct me if I am wrong. Completely new to PowerShell, but had to get this done for a work commitment.

回答23:

With user input and fancy output formatting:

[CmdletBinding(SupportsShouldProcess=$True)] 
Param( 
    [Parameter(Mandatory = $True)] 
    [String]$UserName 
) 
Import-Module ActiveDirectory 
If ($UserName) { 
    $UserName = $UserName.ToUpper().Trim() 
    $Res = (Get-ADPrincipalGroupMembership $UserName | Measure-Object).Count 
    If ($Res -GT 0) { 
        Write-Output "`n" 
        Write-Output "$UserName AD Group Membership:" 
        Write-Output "===========================================================" 
        Get-ADPrincipalGroupMembership $UserName | Select-Object -Property Name, GroupScope, GroupCategory | Sort-Object -Property Name | FT -A 
    } 
}

回答24:

Whe you do not have privileges to consult other member groups but you have the privilege to consult group members. you can do the following to build you a map of which user has access to which groups.

$groups = get-adgroup -Filter * | sort name | select Name
$users = @{}
foreach($group in $groups) {
    $groupUsers = @()
    $groupUsers = Get-ADGroupMember -Identity $group.Name | Select-Object SamAccountName
    $groupUsers | % {
        if(!$users.ContainsKey($_.SamAccountName)){
            $users[$_.SamAccountName] = @()
        }
        ($users[$_.SamAccountName]) += ($group.Name)
    }
}

回答25:

Putting this here for future reference. I'm in the midst of an email migration. I need to know each user account and its respective group membership, and also I need to know each group and its respective members.

I'm using the code block below to output a CSV for each user's group membership.

Get-ADUser -Filter * |`
  ForEach-Object { `
    $FileName = $_.SamAccountName + ".csv" ; `
    $FileName ; `
    Get-ADPrincipalGroupMembership $_ | `
      Select-Object -Property SamAccountName, name, GroupScope, GroupCategory | `
        Sort-Object -Property SamAccountName | `
          Export-Csv -Path $FileName -Encoding ASCII ; `
  }

The export process for the groups and their respective members was a little convoluted, but the below works. The output filenames include the type of group. Therefore, the email distribution groups I need are/should be the Universal and Global Distribution groups. I should be able to just delete or move the resulting TXT files I don't need.

Get-ADGroup -Filter * | `
 Select-Object -Property Name, DistinguishedName, GroupScope, GroupCategory | `
  Sort-Object -Property GroupScope, GroupCategory, Name | `
   Export-Csv -Path ADGroupsNew.csv -Encoding ASCII

$MyCSV = Import-Csv -Path .\ADGroupsNew.csv -Encoding ASCII

$MyCSV | `
 ForEach-Object { `
  $FN = $_.GroupScope + ", " + $_.GroupCategory + ", " + $_.Name + ".txt" ; `
  $FN ; `
  Get-ADGroupMember -Identity $_.DistinguishedName | `
   Out-File -FilePath $FN -Encoding ASCII ; $FN=""; `
  }

回答26:

If you cannot get Get-ADPrincipalGroupMembership to work for you could try logging in as that user then use.

$id = [Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent()
$groups = $id.Groups | foreach-object {$_.Translate([Security.Principal.NTAccount])}
$groups | select *

回答27:

Studying all comments presented gave me a starting point (thanks for such) but left me with several unresolved issues. As result here is my answer. The code snippet provided does a little more than what is asked for but it provides helpful debugging info.

[array] $script:groupsdns = @()
function Get-ADPrincipalGroupMembershipRecursive() 
{
  Param( [string] $dn, [int] $level = 0, [array] $groups = @() )

  #if(($groupsdns | where { $_.DistinguishedName -eq $dn }).Count -ne 0 ) { return $groups } # dependency on next statement
  #$groupsdns += (Get-ADObject $dn -Properties MemberOf) # Get-ADObject cannot find an object with identity
  if ($script:groupsdns.Contains($dn)) { return $groups }
  $script:groupsdns += $dn
  $mo = $Null
  $mo = Get-ADObject $dn -Properties MemberOf # Get-ADObject cannot find an object with identity
  $group = ($dn + " (" + $level.ToString())
  if ($mo -eq $Null) { $group += "!" }
  $group += ")"
  $groups += $group
  foreach( $groupdn in $mo.MemberOf )
  {
    $groups = Get-ADPrincipalGroupMembershipRecursive -dn $groupdn -level ($level+1) -groups $groups
  }
  if ($level -le 0) 
  { 
    $primarygroupdn = (Get-ADUser -Identity $dn -Properties PrimaryGroup).PrimaryGroup 
    $groups = Get-ADPrincipalGroupMembershipRecursive -dn $primarygroupdn -level ($level+1) -groups $groups
  }
  return $groups
}
$adusergroups = Get-ADPrincipalGroupMembershipRecursive -dn $aduser.DistinguishedName
$adusergroups | ft -AutoSize | `
              Out-File -Width 512 Get-ADPrincipalGroupMembershipRecursive.txt #-Append #-Wrap # | Sort-Object -Property Name

回答28:

While there are many excellent answers here, there is one which I was personally looking for that was missing. Once I figured it out - I thought I should post it in case I want to find it later, or it actually manages to help someone else at some point:

Get-ADPrincipalGroupMembership username | Format-Table -auto

A second approach for presenting this is to specify the individual columns you are interested in eg:

Get-ADPrincipalGroupMembership username | select name, GroupScope, GroupCategory

This gives all the AD groups the username belongs to - but also presents all of the default properties of each group formatted nicely as a table.

The key benefit this gives you is you can see at a glance which are distribution lists, & which are Security groups. You can further see at a glance which are Universal, which are DomainLocal & which are Global.
Why would you care about this last bit?

• Universal group is a security or distribution group that contains users, groups, and computers from any domain in its forest as members. You can give universal security groups rights and permissions on resources in any domain in the forest.
• Global group is a group that can be used in its own domain, in member servers and in workstations of the domain, and in trusting domains. In all those locations, you can give a global group rights and permissions and the global group can become a member of local groups. However, a global group can contain user accounts that are only from its own domain.
• Domain local group is a security or distribution group that can contain universal groups, global groups, other domain local groups from its own domain, and accounts from any domain in the forest. You can give domain local security groups rights and permissions on resources that reside only in the same domain where the domain local group is located.