I want to use a Launch Image with my iOS app, not a Launch Screen. (Launch Images can target devices more precisely than Launch Screens; there's no way to make a launch screen that behaves exactly like a launch image.)
If you do not have a Launch Screen in your iOS app, the iPad Pro renders as if the screen resolution were 1024x768 points wide. (To see this, create a new project, delete its launch screen, and start it in iPod Pro simulator.)
Is there a way to get iPad Pro to render at native 1366x1024 points without using a Launch Screen?
No, you must use a Launch Screen to support the iPad Pro. That is how Apple decided to support it.
If you can't find a way to use a single Launch Screen to get the results you want, you can provide one specific to iPhones and one specific to iPads.
Update: Xcode 8 supports an iPad Pro Launch image slot so you no longer must use a Launch screen file to support the iPad Pro.
iPad 12.9 and iPad 10.5 can now be supported without using a Launch Screen.
I believe Xcode 8 briefly supported the iPad Pro within the xcassets file, but that support has been revoked.
However, a key has been added to the info.plist file that will allow for static images to be used.
Human Interface Guidelines:
https://developer.apple.com/ios/human-interface-guidelines/icons-and-images/launch-screen/
Apple Technical Documentation:
https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/documentation/General/Reference/InfoPlistKeyReference/Articles/iPhoneOSKeys.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40009252-SW28
Sample Code (added to info.plist)
<key>UILaunchImages</key>
<array>
<dict>
<key>UILaunchImageName</key>
<string>Burn480</string>
<key>UILaunchImageOrientation</key>
<string>Portrait</string>
<key>UILaunchImageSize</key>
<string>{320, 480}</string>
<key>UILaunchImageMinimumOSVersion</key>
<string>7.0</string>
</dict>
<dict>
<key>UILaunchImageName</key>
<string>Burn568</string>
<key>UILaunchImageOrientation</key>
<string>Portrait</string>
<key>UILaunchImageSize</key>
<string>{320, 568}</string>
<key>UILaunchImageMinimumOSVersion</key>
<string>7.0</string>
</dict>
<dict>
<key>UILaunchImageName</key>
<string>Burn667</string>
<key>UILaunchImageOrientation</key>
<string>Portrait</string>
<key>UILaunchImageSize</key>
<string>{375, 667}</string>
<key>UILaunchImageMinimumOSVersion</key>
<string>7.0</string>
</dict>
<dict>
<key>UILaunchImageName</key>
<string>Burn736</string>
<key>UILaunchImageOrientation</key>
<string>Portrait</string>
<key>UILaunchImageSize</key>
<string>{414, 736}</string>
<key>UILaunchImageMinimumOSVersion</key>
<string>7.0</string>
</dict>
<dict>
<key>UILaunchImageName</key>
<string>Burn1024</string>
<key>UILaunchImageOrientation</key>
<string>Portrait</string>
<key>UILaunchImageSize</key>
<string>{768, 1024}</string>
<key>UILaunchImageMinimumOSVersion</key>
<string>7.0</string>
</dict>
<dict>
<key>UILaunchImageName</key>
<string>Burn1112</string>
<key>UILaunchImageOrientation</key>
<string>Portrait</string>
<key>UILaunchImageSize</key>
<string>{834, 1112}</string>
<key>UILaunchImageMinimumOSVersion</key>
<string>7.0</string>
</dict>
<dict>
<key>UILaunchImageName</key>
<string>Burn1366</string>
<key>UILaunchImageOrientation</key>
<string>Portrait</string>
<key>UILaunchImageSize</key>
<string>{1024, 1366}</string>
<key>UILaunchImageMinimumOSVersion</key>
<string>7.0</string>
</dict>
</array>