Cannot redeclare class error when generating PHPUn

问题:

Starting a project with Zend Framework 1.10 and Doctrine 2 (Beta1). I am using namespaces in my own library code.

When generating code coverage reports I get a Fatal Error about Redeclaring a class. To provide more info, I've commented out the xdebug_disable() call in my phpunit executable so you can see the function trace (disabled local variables output because there was too much output).

Here's my Terminal output:

$ phpunit
PHPUnit 3.4.12 by Sebastian Bergmann.

........

Time: 4 seconds, Memory: 16.50Mb

OK (8 tests, 14 assertions)

Generating code coverage report, this may take a moment.PHP Fatal error:  Cannot redeclare class Cob\Application\Resource\HelperBroker in /Users/Cobby/Sites/project/trunk/code/library/Cob/Application/Resource/HelperBroker.php on line 93
PHP Stack trace:
PHP   1. {main}() /usr/local/zend/bin/phpunit:0
PHP   2. PHPUnit_TextUI_Command::main() /usr/local/zend/bin/phpunit:54
PHP   3. PHPUnit_TextUI_Command->run() /usr/local/zend/share/pear/PHPUnit/TextUI/Command.php:146
PHP   4. PHPUnit_TextUI_TestRunner->doRun() /usr/local/zend/share/pear/PHPUnit/TextUI/Command.php:213
PHP   5. PHPUnit_Util_Report::render() /usr/local/zend/share/pear/PHPUnit/TextUI/TestRunner.php:478
PHP   6. PHPUnit_Framework_TestResult->getCodeCoverageInformation() /usr/local/zend/share/pear/PHPUnit/Util/Report.php:97
PHP   7. PHPUnit_Util_Filter::getFilteredCodeCoverage() /usr/local/zend/share/pear/PHPUnit/Framework/TestResult.php:623

Fatal error: Cannot redeclare class Cob\Application\Resource\HelperBroker in /Users/Cobby/Sites/project/trunk/code/library/Cob/Application/Resource/HelperBroker.php on line 93

Call Stack:
    0.0004     322888   1. {main}() /usr/local/zend/bin/phpunit:0
    0.0816    4114628   2. PHPUnit_TextUI_Command::main() /usr/local/zend/bin/phpunit:54
    0.0817    4114964   3. PHPUnit_TextUI_Command->run() /usr/local/zend/share/pear/PHPUnit/TextUI/Command.php:146
    0.1151    5435528   4. PHPUnit_TextUI_TestRunner->doRun() /usr/local/zend/share/pear/PHPUnit/TextUI/Command.php:213
    4.2931   16690760   5. PHPUnit_Util_Report::render() /usr/local/zend/share/pear/PHPUnit/TextUI/TestRunner.php:478
    4.2931   16691120   6. PHPUnit_Framework_TestResult->getCodeCoverageInformation() /usr/local/zend/share/pear/PHPUnit/Util/Report.php:97
    4.2931   16691148   7. PHPUnit_Util_Filter::getFilteredCodeCoverage() /usr/local/zend/share/pear/PHPUnit/Framework/TestResult.php:623

(I have no idea why it shows the error twice...?)

And here is my phpunit.xml:

<phpunit bootstrap="./code/tests/application/bootstrap.php" colors="true">
    <!-- bootstrap.php changes directory to trunk/code/tests,
    all paths below are relative to this directory. -->

    <testsuite name="My Promotions">
        <directory>./</directory>
    </testsuite>

    <filter>
        <whitelist>
            <directory suffix=".php">../application</directory>
            <directory suffix=".php">../library/Cob</directory>
            <exclude>
                    <!-- By adding the below line I can remove the error -->
                <file>../library/Cob/Application/Resource/HelperBroker.php</file>
                <directory suffix=".phtml">../application</directory>
                <directory suffix=".php">../application/doctrine</directory>
                <file>../application/Bootstrap.php</file>
                <directory suffix=".php">../library/Cob/Tools</directory>
            </exclude>
        </whitelist>
    </filter>

    <logging>
        <log type="junit" target="../../build/reports/tests/report.xml" />
        <log type="coverage-html" target="../../build/reports/coverage" charset="UTF-8"
            yui="true" highlight="true" lowUpperBound="50" highLowerBound="80" />
    </logging>
</phpunit>

I have added a tag inside the which seams to hide this problem. I do have another application resource but it doesn't seam to have a problem (the other one is a Doctrine 2 resource). I'm not sure why it is specific to this class, my entire library is autoloaded so their isn't any include/require calls anywhere. I guess it should be noted that HelperBroker is the first file in the filesystem stemming out from library/Cob

I am on Snow Leopard with the latest/recent versions of all software (Zend Server, Zend Framework, Doctrine 2 Beta1, Phing, PHPUnit, PEAR).

回答1:

General answer to wrap this problem up:

This error message usually points to a problem with auto loading and or require statements.

During code coverage report generation phpunit is requireing every *.php that is in <whitelist>. This can be turned off using addUncoveredFilesFromWhitelist=false as a parameter but it is recommended to keep this on.

Possible reasons

What tends to happen in these cases is that one of the files has a require statement that requires an already loaded class again (as it is not a require_once).

Other reasons can be

• the duplicate definition of classes (one for debugging one for production, should be solved by inheritance not by loading the right php file)

• Inconsistent capitalization leading to errors in the php code like:

  if( !$classesLoaded['ThIsClass']) require_once(...); in multiple places with different capitalizations.

• The class not getting loaded at all in the tests but a mock object was created with the name of the then loaded class. Those can collide and lead to that error too

回答2:

A quick workaround may be to add an if statement at the beggining of your class declaration in order to avoid redeclaration when running phpunit (if, and only if, that's the only class you're having problems with)

if (!class_exists("class_name")) {
    // declare the class
    class class_name
    {
        //...
    }
}

回答3:

One other thing to check (particularly if you are working with a VM) is whether a file has been renamed but still exists in the original form. eg. fooMapper.php renamed to FooMapper.php (eg. via SVN update), your IDE detects the new file and sends it to the VM. You now have both versions on your VM even if your IDE locally only shows one. Beware.

回答4:

This happened to me because I had a typo in my @covers declaration. Notice the extra \ in the first line.

App\Controller\\Account\UsersController::forgotPassword()

VS

App\Controller\Account\UsersController::forgotPassword()

回答5:

I found that I received this error when an incorrect @coversDefaultClass (same likely applies to @covers too) annotation was used. In my case it was \Path\To\\Class (with double '\') which was messing with the require calls.