Detecting EOF in C

问题:

I am using the following C code to take input from user until EOF occurs, but problem is this code is not working, it terminates after taking first input. Can anyone tell me whats wrong with this code. Thanks in advance.

float input;

printf("Input No: ");
scanf("%f", &input);

while(!EOF)
{
    printf("Output: %f", input);
    printf("Input No: ");
    scanf("%f", &input);
}

回答1:

EOF is just a macro with a value (usually -1). You have to test something against EOF, such as the result of a getchar() call.

One way to test for the end of a stream is with the feof function.

if (feof(stdin))

Note, that the 'end of stream' state will only be set after a failed read.

In your example you should probably check the return value of scanf and if this indicates that no fields were read, then check for end-of-file.

回答2:

EOF is a constant in C. You are not checking the actual file for EOF. You need to do something like this

while(!feof(stdin))

Here is the documentation to feof. You can also check the return value of scanf. It returns the number of successfully converted items, or EOF if it reaches the end of the file.

回答3:

Another issue is that you're reading with scanf("%f", &input); only. If the user types something that can't be interpreted as a C floating-point number, like "pi", the scanf() call will not assign anything to input, and won't progress from there. This means it would attempt to keep reading "pi", and failing.

Given the change to while(!feof(stdin)) which other posters are correctly recommending, if you typed "pi" in there would be an endless loop of printing out the former value of input and printing the prompt, but the program would never process any new input.

scanf() returns the number of assignments to input variables it made. If it made no assignment, that means it didn't find a floating-point number, and you should read through more input with something like char string[100];scanf("%99s", string);. This will remove the next string from the input stream (up to 99 characters, anyway - the extra char is for the null terminator on the string).

You know, this is reminding me of all the reasons I hate scanf(), and why I use fgets() instead and then maybe parse it using sscanf().

回答4:

as a starting point you could try replacing

while(!EOF)

with

while(!feof(stdin))

回答5:

You want to check the result of scanf() to make sure there was a successful conversion; if there wasn't, then one of three things is true:

1. scanf() is choking on a character that isn't valid for the %f conversion specifier (i.e., something that isn't a digit, dot, 'e', or 'E');
2. scanf() has detected EOF;
3. scanf() has detected an error on reading stdin.

Example:

int moreData = 1;
...
printf("Input no: ");
fflush(stdout);
/**
 * Loop while moreData is true
 */
while (moreData)
{
  errno = 0;
  int itemsRead = scanf("%f", &input);
  if (itemsRead == 1)
  {
    printf("Output: %f\n", input);
    printf("Input no: ");
    fflush(stdout);
  }
  else
  {
    if (feof(stdin))
    {
      printf("Hit EOF on stdin; exiting\n");
      moreData = 0;
    }
    else if (ferror(stdin))
    {
      /**
       * I *think* scanf() sets errno; if not, replace
       * the line below with a regular printf() and
       * a generic "read error" message.
       */
      perror("error during read");
      moreData = 0;
    }
    else
    {
      printf("Bad character stuck in input stream; clearing to end of line\n");
      while (getchar() != '\n')
        ; /* empty loop */
      printf("Input no: ");
      fflush(stdout);
    }
 }

回答6:

while(scanf("%d %d",a,b)!=EOF)
{

//do .....
}