In a Python object, how can I see a list of proper

问题:

I can see first-class member variables using self.__dict__, but I'd like also to see a dictionary of properties, as defined with the @property decorator. How can I do this?

回答1:

You could add a function to your class that looks something like this:

def properties(self):
    class_items = self.__class__.__dict__.iteritems()
    return dict((k, getattr(self, k)) 
                for k, v in class_items 
                if isinstance(v, property))

This looks for any properties in the class and then creates a dictionary with an entry for each property with the current instance's value.

回答2:

The properties are part of the class, not the instance. So you need to look at self.__class__.__dict__ or equivalently vars(type(self))

So the properties would be

[k for k, v in vars(type(self)).items() if isinstance(v, property)]

回答3:

For an object f, this gives the list of members that are properties:

[n for n in dir(f) if isinstance(getattr(f.__class__, n), property)]

回答4:

dir(obj) gives a list of all attributes of obj, including methods and attributes.