Can't read app.config in C# .NET Core unit tes

问题:

I've created a simple unit test project to read an app.config file. Target framework is Core 2.0. I also created a Core 2.0 console app, to sanity-check myself to make sure I wasn't doing anything weird (same test passed as expected in a .NET 4.6.1 unit test project).

The console app reads the app.config fine, but the unit test method fails and I cannot figure out why. Both are using a copy of the same app.config (not added as a link) and both have the System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager v4.4.1 NuGet package installed.

The App.config

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
  <appSettings>
    <add key="Test1" value ="This is test 1."/>
    <add key="Test2" value ="42"/>
    <add key="Test3" value ="-42"/>
    <add key="Test4" value="true"/>
    <add key="Test5" value="false"/>
    <add key="Test6" value ="101.101"/>
    <add key="Test7" value ="-1.2345"/>
  </appSettings>
</configuration>

The Unit Test

using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using System.Configuration;

namespace ConfigTest
{
    [TestClass]
    public class UnitTest1
    {
        [TestMethod()]
        public void ConfigTest()
        {
            foreach (string s in ConfigurationManager.AppSettings.AllKeys)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine(s);
                System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine(s);
            }

            //AllKeys.Length is 0? Should be 7...
            Assert.IsTrue(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings.AllKeys.Length == 7);
        }
    }
}

The Console App

using System;
using System.Configuration;

namespace ConfigTestApp
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            foreach (string s in ConfigurationManager.AppSettings.AllKeys)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(s);
                System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine(s);
            }

            //Outputs 7 as expected
            Console.WriteLine(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings.AllKeys.Length);
        }
    }
}  

Given that I'm still pretty new to the whole .NET Core world, am I doing something totally incorrect here? I sort of just feel crazy at the moment...

回答1:

Looking through the github issue's comments, I found a work around that can go in the msbuild file...

<Target Name="CopyCustomContent" AfterTargets="AfterBuild">
  <Copy SourceFiles="app.config" DestinationFiles="$(OutDir)\testhost.dll.config" />
</Target>

This makes it easier to verify existing tests under .NET Core before porting the configuration data over to json configuration files.

回答2:

If you check the result of the call to ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);

It should tell you where the required configuration file should be while running unit tests for that assembly.

I found that instead of having an app.config file, ConfigurationManager was looking for a testhost.dll.config file.

This was for a project targeting netcoreapp2.1, with a reference to Microsoft.NET.Test.Sdk,NUnit 3.11 and Nunit3TestAdapter 3.12.0

回答3:

I came across the same issue with my xunit tests and solved it by using the instance of Configuration from ConfigurationManager. I put the static (normal) way it works in core, framework (but not unit tests) before I show the alternative way it works in all three:

        var appSettingValFromStatic = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["mySetting"];
        var appSettingValFromInstance = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location).AppSettings.Settings["mySetting"].Value;

And here is a similar/related issue. In case anyone needs to get a section you can do a similar thing, though the type must change in the app config:

<configSections>
    <section name="customAppSettingsSection" type="System.Configuration.AppSettingsSection"/>
    <section name="customNameValueSectionHandlerSection" type="System.Configuration.NameValueSectionHandler"/>
</configSections>

<customAppSettingsSection>
    <add key="customKey" value="customValue" />
</customAppSettingsSection>

<customNameValueSectionHandlerSection>
    <add key="customKey" value="customValue" />
</customNameValueSectionHandlerSection>

Code to grab section:

        var valFromStatic = ((NameValueCollection)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("customNameValueSectionHandlerSection"))["customKey"];
        var valFromInstance = ((AppSettingsSection)ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location).GetSection("customAppSettingsSection")).Settings["customKey"].Value;

I feel like I am also crazy, and I know there are newer ways of doing config in core, but if one wants to do something cross-platform this is the only way I know how. I'd be very interested if anyone has alternatives

回答4:

The ConfigurationManager API will only use the configuration of the app that is currently running. In a unit test project, this means the app.config of the test project, not the console application.

.NET Core Applications aren't supposed to use app.config or ConfigurationManager, as it is a legacy "full framework" configuration system.

Consider using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration instead to read JSON, XML or INI configuration files. See this doc: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/core/fundamentals/configuration

回答5:

None of the answers given here provide a viable workaround when you're dealing with code accessing directly the static ConfigurationManager properties such as AppSettings or ConnectionStrings.

The truth is, it is not possible at the moment. You can read through the discussion here to understand why: https://github.com/dotnet/corefx/issues/22101

There is talk to implement the support for it here: https://github.com/Microsoft/vstest/issues/1758

In my opinion it makes sense to support this scenario since it's been working on the .NET Framework plus System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager is a .NET Standard 2.0 library now.

回答6:

A hacky, but working way is to copy the config to the same folder as an entry assembly, whatever it is:

[SetUpFixture]
public class ConfigKludge
{
    [OneTimeSetUp]
    public void Setup() =>
        File.Copy(
            Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location + ".config",
            Assembly.GetEntryAssembly().Location + ".config",
            true);

    [OneTimeTearDown]
    public void Teardown() =>
        File.Delete(Assembly.GetEntryAssembly().Location + ".config");
}

Apart from adding this class, the only thing to make it work is to include app.config file in test project (without any copying options). It should be copied to the output folder as <your test project name>.dll.config at the build step, because it's kind of default logic.

Note the documentation for OneTimeSetUpAttribute:

Summary: Identifies a method that is called once to perform setup before any child tests are run.

Although it should work for parallel test runs for a single project, there could be obvious troubles when running two test projects simultaneously, since the config would get overwritten.

However, it is still suitable for containerized test runs, like in Travis.

回答7:

Usually in .NET Framework projects, any App.config file was copied to the bin folder by Visual Studio, with the name of your executable (myApp.exe.config) so it could be reachable in runtime. Not anymore in .NET Standard or Core Framework. You must manually copy and set the file in the bin/debug or release folder. After that it could be get with something like:

                string AssemblyName = System.IO.Path.GetFileName(System.Reflection.Assembly.GetEntryAssembly().GetName().CodeBase);
            AppConfig = (System.Configuration.Configuration)System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(AssemblyName);

回答8:

Add the configuration file

First, add a appconfig.json file to the Integration test project

Configure the appconfig.json file to be copied to the output directory by updating

Add NuGet package

• Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Json

Use the configuration in your unit tests

[TestClass]
public class IntegrationTests
{


    public IntegrationTests()
    {
        var config = new ConfigurationBuilder().AddJsonFile("appconfig.json").Build();

        _numberOfPumps = Convert.ToInt32(config["NumberOfPumps"]);

        _numberOfMessages = Convert.ToInt32(config["NumberOfMessages"]);

        _databaseUrl = config["DatabaseUrlAddress"];
    }
}