Loading an R Package from a Custom directory

问题:

If I download an "package-name".tar.gz file from CRAN website, gunzip and untar it into a custom directory, how do I load that package from within R? I cannot extract the file in the R installation directory.

回答1:

Try using Hadley Wickham's devtools package, which allows loading packages from a given directory:

library(devtools)

# load package w/o installing
load_all('/some/package/diR')

# or invoke 'R CMD INSTALL'
install('/some/package/diR')

回答2:

Please add some extra information on the operating system. If you're on windows, you need Rtools ( http://www.murdoch-sutherland.com/Rtools/ ) to build from source. See that website for more information on how to install everything you need.

Even when you're on Linux, simply extracting the package-file doesn't work. There might be underlying C-code (which is the case for the MSBVAR package), and even R code has to be processed in order to be built into a package that can be loaded directly with the library() function.

Plus, you have to take into account that the package you want to install might have dependencies. For the MSBVAR package, these are the packages coda and bit. When building from source, you need to make sure all dependencies are installed as well, or you can get errors.

apart from the R CMD INSTALL you could try from within R :

# from CRAN
install.packages("MSBVAR", type="source")
# from a local file 
install.packages("/my/dir/MSBVAR.tar.gz",repos=NULL, type="source")

or why not just do

# from CRAN
install.packages("MSBVAR")

This works perfectly fine.

回答3:

You need to install the package to a directory to which you have permission to read and write. First, download the package to an easily accessible directory. If you're on Linux/Mac, try creating a directory called 'rlib' in your home directory.

cd ~; mkdir rlib
R CMD INSTALL MSBVAR.tar.gz --library=rlib

If you would prefer to install the package from R, do this:

## From CRAN
install.packages("MSBVAR", lib="~/rlib")

回答4:

You can't call R CMD INSTALL downloadedpackage.gz?

As I understand it, this should install the package in your user-space if it cannot get write permissions to the R installation folder

回答5:

you dont need to unzip or untar
just give this command in command prompt and it will unzip into appropriate place

R CMD INSTALL [options] [l-lib] pkgs.tar.gz

as explained here

then you can use it in R by library(the_pkg)