Set Background Gradient on Button in Swift

问题:

I have no idea how to set the background gradient on a button (without making the background gradient an image). This is so different from Android.

Here's a class I have to define a returnable gradient scheme:

import UIKit

extension CAGradientLayer {

    func backgroundGradientColor() -> CAGradientLayer {
        let topColor = UIColor(red: (0/255.0), green: (153/255.0), blue:(51/255.0), alpha: 1)
        let bottomColor = UIColor(red: (0/255.0), green: (153/255.0), blue:(255/255.0), alpha: 1)

        let gradientColors: [CGColor] = [topColor.CGColor, bottomColor.CGColor]
        let gradientLocations: [Float] = [0.0, 1.0]

        let gradientLayer: CAGradientLayer = CAGradientLayer()
        gradientLayer.colors = gradientColors
        gradientLayer.locations = gradientLocations

        return gradientLayer

    }
}

I can use this to set the background of my entire view with the following:

class ViewController: UIViewController {

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()

        let background = CAGradientLayer().backgroundGradientColor()
        background.frame = self.view.bounds
        self.view.layer.insertSublayer(background, atIndex: 0)
    }
    //...
}

But how can I access the view of the button and insert the sublayer or something like that?

回答1:

Your code works fine. You just have to remember to set the gradient's frame every time. It is better to just make the gradient category also set the frame of the view for you.

That way you don't forget and it applies fine.

import UIKit

extension UIView {
    @discardableResult
    func applyGradient(colours: [UIColor]) -> CAGradientLayer {
        return self.applyGradient(colours: colours, locations: nil)
    }

    @discardableResult
    func applyGradient(colours: [UIColor], locations: [NSNumber]?) -> CAGradientLayer {
        let gradient: CAGradientLayer = CAGradientLayer()
        gradient.frame = self.bounds
        gradient.colors = colours.map { $0.cgColor }
        gradient.locations = locations
        self.layer.insertSublayer(gradient, at: 0)
        return gradient
    }
}

class ViewController: UIViewController {

    @IBOutlet weak var btn: UIButton!

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()

        self.btn.applyGradient(colours: [.yellow, .blue])
        self.view.applyGradient(colours: [.yellow, .blue, .red], locations: [0.0, 0.5, 1.0])
    }


}

Buttons are views. You apply gradients to it the same way you would apply it to any other view.

Picture Proof: https://i.imgur.com/hZBMJuu.png

Video Proof: https://i.imgur.com/ssDTqPu.mp4

回答2:

Here below you can find the solution for Swift3 (and Swift4 too) and a little bit extended (orientation helper):

typealias GradientPoints = (startPoint: CGPoint, endPoint: CGPoint)

enum GradientOrientation {
    case topRightBottomLeft
    case topLeftBottomRight
    case horizontal
    case vertical

    var startPoint : CGPoint {
        return points.startPoint
    }

    var endPoint : CGPoint {
        return points.endPoint
    }

    var points : GradientPoints {
        switch self {
        case .topRightBottomLeft:
            return (CGPoint(x: 0.0,y: 1.0), CGPoint(x: 1.0,y: 0.0))
        case .topLeftBottomRight:
            return (CGPoint(x: 0.0,y: 0.0), CGPoint(x: 1,y: 1))
        case .horizontal:
            return (CGPoint(x: 0.0,y: 0.5), CGPoint(x: 1.0,y: 0.5))
        case .vertical:
            return (CGPoint(x: 0.0,y: 0.0), CGPoint(x: 0.0,y: 1.0))
        }
    }
}

extension UIView {

    func applyGradient(with colours: [UIColor], locations: [NSNumber]? = nil) {
        let gradient = CAGradientLayer()
        gradient.frame = self.bounds
        gradient.colors = colours.map { $0.cgColor }
        gradient.locations = locations
        self.layer.insertSublayer(gradient, at: 0)
    }

    func applyGradient(with colours: [UIColor], gradient orientation: GradientOrientation) {
        let gradient = CAGradientLayer()
        gradient.frame = self.bounds
        gradient.colors = colours.map { $0.cgColor }
        gradient.startPoint = orientation.startPoint
        gradient.endPoint = orientation.endPoint
        self.layer.insertSublayer(gradient, at: 0)
    }
}

回答3:

@Zeb answer is great but just to clean it up and make it a little more swifty. Computed read-only properties should avoid using get and returning Void is redundant:

typealias GradientPoints = (startPoint: CGPoint, endPoint: CGPoint)

enum GradientOrientation {
  case topRightBottomLeft
  case topLeftBottomRight
  case horizontal
  case vertical

var startPoint: CGPoint {
    return points.startPoint
}

var endPoint: CGPoint {
    return points.endPoint
}

var points: GradientPoints {
    switch self {
    case .topRightBottomLeft:
        return (CGPoint(x: 0.0, y: 1.0), CGPoint(x: 1.0, y: 0.0))
    case .topLeftBottomRight:
        return (CGPoint(x: 0.0, y: 0.0), CGPoint(x: 1, y: 1))
    case .horizontal:
        return (CGPoint(x: 0.0, y: 0.5), CGPoint(x: 1.0, y: 0.5))
    case .vertical:
        return (CGPoint(x: 0.0, y: 0.0), CGPoint(x: 0.0, y: 1.0))
    }
  }
}

extension UIView {

func applyGradient(withColours colours: [UIColor], locations: [NSNumber]? = nil) {
    let gradient: CAGradientLayer = CAGradientLayer()
    gradient.frame = self.bounds
    gradient.colors = colours.map { $0.cgColor }
    gradient.locations = locations
    self.layer.insertSublayer(gradient, at: 0)
}

func applyGradient(withColours colours: [UIColor], gradientOrientation orientation: GradientOrientation) {
    let gradient: CAGradientLayer = CAGradientLayer()
    gradient.frame = self.bounds
    gradient.colors = colours.map { $0.cgColor }
    gradient.startPoint = orientation.startPoint
    gradient.endPoint = orientation.endPoint
    self.layer.insertSublayer(gradient, at: 0)
  }
}

回答4:

I have tried all of them this is my button init inside of viewdidload

let button = UIButton()
    button.setTitle("Alper", for: .normal)
    button.layer.borderColor = UIColor.white.cgColor
    button.layer.borderWidth = 1
    view.addSubview(button)
    button.anchor(top: nil, left: nil, bottom: logo.topAnchor, right: nil, paddingTop: 0, paddingLeft: 0, paddingBottom: 0, paddingRight: 0, height: 50, width: 100)
    let gradientx = CAGradientLayer()
    gradientx.colors = [UIColor.blue,UIColor.red]
    gradientx.startPoint = CGPoint(x: 0.0, y: 0.5)
    gradientx.endPoint = CGPoint(x: 1.0, y: 1.0)
    gradientx.frame = button.bounds
    button.layer.insertSublayer(gradientx, at: 0)

anchor is an extension, so this is irrelevant gradient.

回答5:

Try this is working for me ,

     let button = UIButton(frame: CGRect(x: 60, y: 150, width: 200, height: 60))
    button.setTitle("Email", for: .normal)
    button.backgroundColor = .red
    button.setTitleColor(UIColor.black, for: .normal)
    button.addTarget(self, action: #selector(self.buttonTapped), for: .touchUpInside)

    // Apply Gradient Color
    let gradientLayer:CAGradientLayer = CAGradientLayer()
    gradientLayer.frame.size = button.frame.size
    gradientLayer.colors =
        [UIColor.white.cgColor,UIColor.green.withAlphaComponent(1).cgColor]
    //Use diffrent colors
    button.layer.addSublayer(gradientLayer)
    self.view.addSubview(button)

You can add starting and end point of gradient color.

 gradientLayer.startPoint = CGPoint(x: 0.0, y: 1.0)
 gradientLayer.endPoint = CGPoint(x: 1.0, y: 1.0)

For more details description refer CAGradientLayer doc

回答6:

For Swift 2.0 to give gradients color to UIButton

let gradient: CAGradientLayer = CAGradientLayer()

gradient.colors = [(UIColor(red: 59.0/255.0, green: 187.0/255.0, blue: 182.0/255.0, alpha: 1.00).CGColor), (UIColor(red: 57.0/255.0, green: 174.0/255.0, blue: 236.0/255.0, alpha: 1.00).CGColor)]
gradient.locations = [0.0 , 1.0]

gradient.startPoint = CGPoint(x: 0.0, y: 1.0)
gradient.endPoint = CGPoint(x: 1.0, y: 1.0)
gradient.frame = CGRect(x: 0.0, y: 0.0, width: btn.frame.size.width, height: btn.frame.size.height)
btn.layer.insertSublayer(gradient, atIndex: 0)

回答7:

There are already many answers there I want add what I did to achieve this. I use this custom Button GradientButton

import Foundation
import UIKit

class GradientButton: UIButton {

    let gradientColors : [UIColor]
    let startPoint : CGPoint
    let endPoint : CGPoint

    required init(gradientColors: [UIColor] = [UIColor.red, UIColor.blue],
                  startPoint: CGPoint = CGPoint(x: 0, y: 0.5),
                  endPoint: CGPoint = CGPoint(x: 1, y: 0.5)) {
        self.gradientColors = gradientColors
        self.startPoint = startPoint
        self.endPoint = endPoint

        super.init(frame: .zero)
    }

    required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
        fatalError("init(coder:) has not been implemented")
    }

    override func layoutSubviews() {
        super.layoutSubviews()

        let halfOfButtonHeight = layer.frame.height / 2
        contentEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsets(top: 10, left: halfOfButtonHeight, bottom: 10, right: halfOfButtonHeight)

        layer.anchorPoint = CGPoint(x: 0.5, y: 0.5)

        backgroundColor = UIColor.clear

        // setup gradient

        let gradient = CAGradientLayer()
        gradient.frame = bounds
        gradient.colors = gradientColors.map { $0.cgColor }
        gradient.startPoint = startPoint
        gradient.endPoint = endPoint
        gradient.cornerRadius = 4

        // replace gradient as needed
        if let oldGradient = layer.sublayers?[0] as? CAGradientLayer {
            layer.replaceSublayer(oldGradient, with: gradient)
        } else {
            layer.insertSublayer(gradient, below: nil)
        }

        // setup shadow

        layer.shadowColor = UIColor.darkGray.cgColor
        layer.shadowPath = UIBezierPath(roundedRect: bounds, cornerRadius: halfOfButtonHeight).cgPath
        layer.shadowOffset = CGSize(width: 0.0, height: 1.0)
        layer.shadowOpacity = 0.85
        layer.shadowRadius = 4.0
    }

    override var isHighlighted: Bool {
        didSet {
            let newOpacity : Float = isHighlighted ? 0.6 : 0.85
            let newRadius : CGFloat = isHighlighted ? 6.0 : 4.0

            let shadowOpacityAnimation = CABasicAnimation()
            shadowOpacityAnimation.keyPath = "shadowOpacity"
            shadowOpacityAnimation.fromValue = layer.shadowOpacity
            shadowOpacityAnimation.toValue = newOpacity
            shadowOpacityAnimation.duration = 0.1

            let shadowRadiusAnimation = CABasicAnimation()
            shadowRadiusAnimation.keyPath = "shadowRadius"
            shadowRadiusAnimation.fromValue = layer.shadowRadius
            shadowRadiusAnimation.toValue = newRadius
            shadowRadiusAnimation.duration = 0.1

            layer.add(shadowOpacityAnimation, forKey: "shadowOpacity")
            layer.add(shadowRadiusAnimation, forKey: "shadowRadius")

            layer.shadowOpacity = newOpacity
            layer.shadowRadius = newRadius

            let xScale : CGFloat = isHighlighted ? 1.025 : 1.0
            let yScale : CGFloat = isHighlighted ? 1.05 : 1.0
            UIView.animate(withDuration: 0.1) {
                let transformation = CGAffineTransform(scaleX: xScale, y: yScale)
                self.transform = transformation
            }
        }
    }
}

You can make GradientButton instance like this.

let button = GradientButton.init(gradientColors:[UIColor.black, UIColor.white], startPoint: CGPoint(x: 0, y: 0), endPoint: CGPoint(x: 0, y: 1))

回答8:

   class ButtonGradient : UIButton {
        override func layoutSubviews() {

            let layer : CAGradientLayer = CAGradientLayer()
            layer.frame.size = self.frame.size
            layer.frame.origin = CGPoint(x: 0, y: 0)

            //   layer.cornerRadius = CGFloat(frame.width / 20)
            let color0 = UIColor(red:255/255, green:122/255, blue:0/255, alpha:1.0).cgColor
            let color1 = UIColor(red:255/255, green:176/255, blue: 0/255, alpha:1.0).cgColor
            let color2 = UIColor(red:250/255, green:98/255, blue: 44/255, alpha:1.0).cgColor
            layer.locations = [0.5, 1.0]
            layer.startPoint = CGPoint(x: 0.0, y: 0.5)
            layer.endPoint = CGPoint(x: 0.5, y: 0.5)
            layer.colors = [color2,color0,color1]

            self.layer.insertSublayer(layer, at: 0)
        }
    }

After that directly assign "ButtonGredient" class to particular button in Storyboard.

回答9:

Here, I have taken one UIView and add button in it.

     @IBOutlet weak var btnCenter: UIButton!
     @IBOutlet weak var viewCenter: UIView!

    // Create a gradient layer
    let gradient = CAGradientLayer()

    // gradient colors in order which they will visually appear
    gradient.colors = [UIColor.yello.cgColor, UIColor.blue.cgColor]

    // Gradient from left to right
    gradient.startPoint = CGPoint(x: 0.0, y: 0.5)
    gradient.endPoint = CGPoint(x: 1.0, y: 0.5)

    // set the gradient layer to the same size as the view
    gradient.frame = viewCenter.bounds

    // add the gradient layer to the views layer for rendering
    viewCenter.layer.insertSublayer(gradient, at: 0)

    // Tha magic! Set the button as the views mask
    viewCenter.mask = btnCenter

    //Set corner Radius and border Width of button
    btnCenter.layer.cornerRadius =  btnCenter.frame.size.height / 2
    btnCenter.layer.borderWidth = 5.0

回答10:

It's this simple:

import UIKit
class ActualGradientButton: UIButton {

    override func layoutSubviews() {
        super.layoutSubviews()
        gradientLayer.frame = bounds
    }

    private lazy var gradientLayer: CAGradientLayer = {
        let l = CAGradientLayer()
        l.frame = self.bounds
        l.colors = [UIColor.systemYellow.cgColor, UIColor.systemPink.cgColor]
        l.startPoint = CGPoint(x: 0, y: 0.5)
        l.endPoint = CGPoint(x: 1, y: 0.5)
        l.cornerRadius = 16
        layer.insertSublayer(l, at: 0)
        return l
    }()
}