Disable nginx cache for JavaScript files

问题:

Ok, I'm almost giving up on this, but how can I disable the caching from Nginx for JavaScript files? I'm using a docker container with Nginx. When I now change something in the JavaScript file, I need multiple reloads until the new file is there.

How do I know it's Nginx and not the browser/docker?

Browser: I used curl on the command line to simulate the request and had the same issues. Also, I'm using a CacheKiller plugin and have cache disabled in Chrome Dev Tools.

Docker: When I connect to the container's bash, and use cat after changing the file, I get the correct result immediately.

I changed my nginx.conf for the sites-enabled to this (which I found in another stackoverflow thread)

location ~* ^.+\.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png|ico|css|zip|tgz|gz|rar|bz2|pdf|txt|tar|wav|bmp|rtf|js|flv|swf|xml|html|htm)$ {
    # clear all access_log directives for the current level
    access_log off;
    add_header Cache-Control no-cache;
    # set the Expires header to 31 December 2037 23:59:59 GMT, and the Cache-Control max-age to 10 years
    expires 1s;
}

However, after rebuilding the containers (and making sure it's in the container with cat), it still didn't work. This here is the complete .conf

server {
    server_name app;
    root /var/www/app/web;

    # Redirect to blog
    location ~* ^/blog {
        proxy_set_header Accept-Encoding "";
        sub_filter 'https://testproject.wordpress.com/' '/blog/';
        sub_filter_once off;
        rewrite ^/blog/(.*) /$1 break;
        rewrite ^/blog / break;
        proxy_pass     https://testproject.wordpress.com;
    }

    # Serve index.html only for exact root URL
    location / {
        try_files $uri /app_dev.php$is_args$args;
    }

    location ~ ^/(app|app_dev|config)\.php(/|$) {
        fastcgi_pass php-upstream;
        fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.*)$;
        include fastcgi_params;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        fastcgi_param HTTPS off;
        # Prevents URIs that include the front controller. This will 404:
        # http://domain.tld/app_dev.php/some-path
        # Remove the internal directive to allow URIs like this
        internal;
    }

    location ~* ^.+\.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png|ico|css|zip|tgz|gz|rar|bz2|pdf|txt|tar|wav|bmp|rtf|js|flv|swf|xml|html|htm)$ {
        # clear all access_log directives for the current level
        access_log off;
        add_header Cache-Control no-cache;
        # set the Expires header to 31 December 2037 23:59:59 GMT, and the Cache-Control max-age to 10 years
        expires 1s;
    }


    error_log /var/log/nginx/app_error.log;
    access_log /var/log/nginx/app_access.log;
}

回答1:

I have the following nginx virtual host (static content) for local development work to disable all browser caching:

server {
    listen 8080;
    server_name localhost;

    location / {
        root /your/site/public;
        index index.html;

        # kill cache
        add_header Last-Modified $date_gmt;
        add_header Cache-Control 'no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate, max-age=0';
        if_modified_since off;
        expires off;
        etag off;
    }
}

No cache headers sent:

$ curl -I http://localhost:8080
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.12.1
Date: Mon, 24 Jul 2017 16:19:30 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 2076
Connection: keep-alive
Last-Modified: Monday, 24-Jul-2017 16:19:30 GMT
Cache-Control: no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate, max-age=0
Accept-Ranges: bytes

Last-Modified is always current time.

回答2:

The expires and add_header directives have no impact on NGINX caching the files, those are purely about what the browser sees.

What you likely want instead is:

location stuffyoudontwanttocache {
    # don't cache it
    proxy_no_cache 1;
    # even if cached, don't try to use it
    proxy_cache_bypass 1; 
}

Though usually .js etc is the thing you would cache, so perhaps you should just disable caching entirely?

回答3:

What you are looking for is a simple directive like:

location ~* \.(?:manifest|appcache|html?|xml|json)$ {
    expires -1;
}

The above will not cache the extensions within the (). You can configure different directives for different file types.

回答4:

Remember set sendfile off; or cache headers doesn't work. I use this snipped:

location / {

        index index.php index.html index.htm;
        try_files $uri $uri/ =404; #.s. el /index.html para html5Mode de angular

        #.s. kill cache. use in dev
        sendfile off;
        add_header Last-Modified $date_gmt;
        add_header Cache-Control 'no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate, max-age=0';
        if_modified_since off;
        expires off;
        etag off;
        proxy_no_cache 1;
        proxy_cache_bypass 1; 
    }

回答5:

I have the following Nginx virtual host(static content) for local development work to disable all browser caching:

    upstream testCom
        {
         server localhost:1338;
        }

    server
        {

            listen 80;
            server_name <your ip or domain>;
            location / {

            # proxy_cache   datacache;
            proxy_cache_key $scheme$host$request_method$request_uri;
            proxy_cache_valid       200     60m;
            proxy_cache_min_uses    1;
            proxy_cache_use_stale   updating;

            proxy_pass_header Server;
            proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
            proxy_redirect off;
            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
            proxy_set_header X-Scheme $scheme;

            proxy_ignore_headers    Set-Cookie;

            userid          on;
            userid_name     __uid;
            userid_domain   <your ip or domain>;
            userid_path     /;
            userid_expires  max;
            userid_p3p      'policyref="/w3c/p3p.xml", CP="CUR ADM OUR NOR STA NID"';


            add_header Last-Modified $date_gmt;
            add_header Cache-Control 'no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate, max-age=0';
            if_modified_since off;
            expires off;
            etag off;

            proxy_pass http://testCom;
        }
    }

回答6:

I know this question is a bit old but i would suggest to use some cachebraking hash in the url of the javascript. This works perfectly in production as well as during development because you can have both infinite cache times and intant updates when changes occur.

Lets assume you have a javascript file /js/script.min.js, but in the referencing html/php file you do not use the actual path but:

<script src="/js/script.<?php echo md5(filemtime('/js/script.min.js')); ?>.min.js"></script>

So everytime the file is changed, the browser gets a different url, which in turn means it cannot be cached, be it locally or on any proxy inbetween.

To make this work you need nginx to rewrite any request to /js/script.[0-9a-f]{32}.min.js to the original filename. In my case i use the following directive (for css also):

location ~* \.(css|js)$ {
                expires max;
                add_header Pragma public;
                etag off;
                add_header Cache-Control "public";
                add_header Last-Modified "";
                rewrite  "^/(.*)\/(style|script)\.min\.([\d\w]{32})\.(js|css)$" /$1/$2.min.$4 break;
        }

I would guess that the filemtime call does not even require disk access on the server as it should be in linux's file cache. If you have doubts or static html files you can also use a fixed random value (or incremental or content hash) that is updated when your javascript / css preprocessor has finished or let one of your git hooks change it.

In theory you could also use a cachebreaker as a dummy parameter (like /js/script.min.js?cachebreak=0123456789abcfef), but then the file is not cached at least by some proxies because of the "?".