Remove self from the container in the lambda

问题:

I want to register a callback that may remove itself from its container. But I found the captured variables seem to be cleaned up. the code like this:

class A {
    int val_;
public:
    A(int val) : val_(val) {}
    void foo() {
        std::cout << val_ << std::endl;
    }
};

int main()
{
    const int func_index = 1;
    std::unordered_map<int, std::function<void(void)>> container;
    A a(10);
    container.insert(std::make_pair(func_index, [&container, func_index, &a] () {
        container.erase(func_index);
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            a.foo();
        }
    }));
    container[func_index]();
    return 0;
}

---

the solution, move the std::function object into the lambda to delay its destruction:

class A {
    int val_;
public:
    A(int val) : val_(val) {}
    void foo() {
        std::cout << val_ << std::endl;
    }
};

int main()
{
    const int func_index = 1;
    std::unordered_map<int, std::function<void(void)>> container;
    A a(10);
    container.insert(std::make_pair(func_index, [&container, func_index, &a] () {
        std::function<void(void)> self = std::move(container[func_index]);
        container.erase(func_index);
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            a.foo();
        }
    }));
    container[func_index]();
    return 0;
}

回答1:

Your code has undefined behaviour, since you are accessing the closure after deleting it from the container. You should remove the closure from the container after doing work with it:

class A {
    int val_;
public:
    A(int val) : val_(val) {}
    void foo() {
        std::cout << val_ << std::endl;
    }
};

int main()
{
    const int func_index = 1;
    std::unordered_map<int, std::function<void(void)>> container;
    A a(10);
    container.insert(std::make_pair(func_index, [&container, func_index, &a] () {
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            a.foo();
        }
        container.erase(func_index);
    }));
    container[func_index]();
    return 0;
}