PHP - split a string of HTML attributes into an in

问题:

I've got a string with HTML attributes:

$attribs = ' id= "header " class = "foo   bar" style ="background-color:#fff; color: red; "';

How to transform that string into an indexed array, like:

array(
  'id' => 'header',
  'class' => array('foo', 'bar'),
  'style' => array(
    'background-color' => '#fff',
    'color' => 'red'
  )
)

so I can use the PHP array_merge_recursive function to merge 2 sets of HTML attributes.

Thank you

回答1:

Use SimpleXML:

<?php
$attribs = ' id= "header " class = "foo   bar" style ="background-color:#fff; color: red; "';

$x = new SimpleXMLElement("<element $attribs />");

print_r($x);

?>

This assumes that the attributes are always name/value pairs...

回答2:

You could use a regular expression to extract that information:

$attribs = ' id= "header " class = "foo   bar" style ="background-color:#fff; color: red; "';
$pattern = '/(\\w+)\s*=\\s*("[^"]*"|\'[^\']*\'|[^"\'\\s>]*)/';
preg_match_all($pattern, $attribs, $matches, PREG_SET_ORDER);
$attrs = array();
foreach ($matches as $match) {
    if (($match[2][0] == '"' || $match[2][0] == "'") && $match[2][0] == $match[2][strlen($match[2])-1]) {
        $match[2] = substr($match[2], 1, -1);
    }
    $name = strtolower($match[1]);
    $value = html_entity_decode($match[2]);
    switch ($name) {
    case 'class':
        $attrs[$name] = preg_split('/\s+/', trim($value));
        break;
    case 'style':
        // parse CSS property declarations
        break;
    default:
        $attrs[$name] = $value;
    }
}
var_dump($attrs);

Now you just need to parse the classes of class (split at whitespaces) and property declarations of style (a little bit harder as it can contain comments and URLs with ; in it).

回答3:

You can't use a regular expression to parse html-attributes. This is because the syntax is contextual. You can use regular expressions to tokenize the input, but you need a state machine to parse it.

If the performance isn't a big deal, the safest way to do it, is probably to wrap the attributes in a tag and then send it through an html parser. Eg.:

function parse_attributes($input) {
  $dom = new DomDocument();
  $dom->loadHtml("<foo " . $input. "/>");
  $attributes = array();
  foreach ($dom->documentElement->attributes as $name => $attr) {
    $attributes[$name] = $node->value;
  }
  return $attributes;
}

You could probably optimize the above, by reusing the parser, or by using XmlReader or the sax parser.

回答4:

Easy way could be also:

$atts_array = current((array) new SimpleXMLElement("<element $attribs />"));

回答5:

May be this helps you .. What it does ..

• A HTML DOM parser written in PHP5+ let you manipulate HTML in a very easy way!
• Require PHP 5+.
• Supports invalid HTML.
• Find tags on an HTML page with selectors just like jQuery.
• Extract contents from HTML in a single line.

http://simplehtmldom.sourceforge.net/

回答6:

A simple and effective function to solve this

function attrString2Array($attr) {
  $atList = [];

  if (preg_match_all('/\s*(?:([a-z0-9-]+)\s*=\s*"([^"]*)")|(?:\s+([a-z0-9-]+)(?=\s*|>|\s+[a..z0-9]+))/i', $attr, $m)) {
    for ($i = 0; $i < count($m[0]); $i++) {
      if ($m[3][$i])
        $atList[$m[3][$i]] = null;
      else
        $atList[$m[1][$i]] = $m[2][$i];
    }
  }

  return $atList;
}

print_r(attrString2Array('<li data-tpl-classname="class" data-tpl-title="innerHTML" disabled nowrap href="#" hide src = "images/asas.gif">'));
print_r(attrString2Array('data-tpl-classname="class" data-tpl-title="innerHTML" disabled nowrap href="#" hide src = "images/asas.gif"'));

//Array
//(
//    [data-tpl-classname] => class
//    [data-tpl-title] => innerHTML
//    [disabled] => 
//    [nowrap] => 
//    [href] => #
//    [hide] => 
//    [src] => images/asas.gif
//)