Django REST framework post array of objects

问题:

I am using Django REST framework for API and Angular SPA with Restangular for comunication with the API. Sometimes I have to add more than one objects for adding and I think that I can send them together in array and make one request.

When I try to do this from the Restangular I recive error for Wrong input. If I try to add more then one object from the REST framework web interface I am passing objects or array of objects:

// this { "text": "gdhg", },{ "text": "gdhg", },{ "text": "gdhg", }
// or this [{ "text": "gdhg", },{ "text": "gdhg", },{ "text": "gdhg", }]

But I receive ParseError. Where I am wrong, what I have to change or how to do it properly.

回答1:

Another example that supports posting an array as well as posting a single object. Might be useful for anyone else looking for such an example.

class BookViewSet(mixins.CreateModelMixin, mixins.ListModelMixin, viewsets.GenericViewSet):
    """
    ViewSet create and list books

    Usage single : POST
    {
        "name":"Killing Floor: A Jack Reacher Novel", 
        "author":"Lee Child"
    }

    Usage array : POST
    [{  
        "name":"Mr. Mercedes: A Novel (The Bill Hodges Trilogy)",
        "author":"Stephen King"
    },{
        "name":"Killing Floor: A Jack Reacher Novel", 
        "author":"Lee Child"
    }]
    """
    queryset = Book.objects.all()
    serializer_class = BookSerializer
    search_fields = ('name','author')

    def create(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        """
        #checks if post request data is an array initializes serializer with many=True
        else executes default CreateModelMixin.create function 
        """
        is_many = isinstance(request.data, list)
        if not is_many:
            return super(BookViewSet, self).create(request, *args, **kwargs)
        else:
            serializer = self.get_serializer(data=request.data, many=True)
            serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
            self.perform_create(serializer)
            headers = self.get_success_headers(serializer.data)
            return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED, headers=headers)

回答2:

I am not sure if the problem still exist. But the solution suggested by fiver did not work for me. What works for me is overriding the get_serializer method ONLY.

def get_serializer(self, instance=None, data=None,
                    files=None, many=True, partial=False):
    return super(ViewName, self).get_serializer(instance, data, files,
                                                    many, partial)

If you will notice I am setting default many=True in arguments of get_serializer. Apart from that nothing is required. Overridng of create method is also not required.

Also if you are defining the pre_save and post_save method in the views, expects the list(iterable) as the argument(as you are posting the list) of method not just a single object.

def post_save(self, objects, *args, **kwargs):
    """
    In the post_save, list of obj has been created
    """
    for obj in objects:
        do_something_with(obj)

回答3:

Here's an example for setting up bulk POSTing in a ListCreateAPIView using the Django REST Framework:

class SomethingList(generics.ListCreateAPIView):
    model = Something
    serializer_class = SomethingSerializer

    def create(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        serializer = self.get_serializer(data=request.DATA, many=True)
        if serializer.is_valid():
            serializer.save()
            headers = self.get_success_headers(serializer.data)
            return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED,
                            headers=headers)

        return Response(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

The important part here is the many=True argument to the get_serializer() method. Then, to make Angular play nice with this, you can define a service factory as:

.factory('Something', ['$resource', function ($resource) {
    return $resource(
        "url_to_something",
        {},
        {
            save: {
                method: 'POST',
                isArray: true
            }
        }
    );
}])

Where the important part is the isArray: true. If you want to preserve posting single JSON objects, you could change save above to something like saveBulk or similar.

回答4:

Building on vibhor's answer:

class ListableViewMixin(object):
    def get_serializer(self, instance=None, data=None, many=False, *args, **kwargs):
        return super(ListableViewMixin, self).get_serializer(
            instance=instance, data=data, many=isinstance(instance, list) or isinstance(data, list),
            *args, **kwargs)

Make your view inherit from this mixin class to automatically determine if a many=True serializer should be used.