How to mock a constructor like new Date()

问题:

I have a method which depends on new Date to create a date object and then manipulates it. I'm testing that the manipulation works as expected, so I need to compare the returned date with expected date. In order to do that I need to make sure that new Date returns the same value in the test and in the method being tested. How can I do that?

Is there a way to actually mock the return value of a constructor function?

I could create a module that can be required with a function that provides a date object and can be mocked. But that seems like an unnecessary abstraction in my code.

an example function to be tested...

module.exports = {
  sameTimeTomorrow: function(){
    var dt = new Date();
        dt.setDate(dt + 1);
    return dt;
  }
};

how do I mock the return value of new Date()?

回答1:

You can use jasmine's spyOn (jest is built on jasmine) to mock Date's prototype for getDate as follows:

spyOn(Date.prototype, 'setDate').and.returnValue(DATE_TO_TEST_WITH);

SpyOn will also clean up after it's self and only lasts for the scope of the test.

回答2:

You can override Date constructor with an mocked function which returns your a constructed Date object with a date value you specified:

var yourModule = require('./yourModule')

test('Mock Date', () => {
  const mockedDate = new Date(2017, 11, 10)
  const originalDate = Date

  global.Date = jest.fn(() => mockedDate)
  global.Date.setDate = originalDate.setDate

  expect(yourModule.sameTimeTomorrow().getDate()).toEqual(11)
})

You can test the example here: https://repl.it/@miluoshi5/jest-mock-date

回答3:

You can mock a constructor like new Date() using jest.spyOn as below:

test('mocks a constructor like new Date()', () => {
  console.log('Normal:   ', new Date().getTime())

  const mockDate = new Date(1466424490000)
  const spy = jest
    .spyOn(global, 'Date')
    .mockImplementation(() => mockDate)

  console.log('Mocked:   ', new Date().getTime())
  spy.mockRestore()

  console.log('Restored: ', new Date().getTime())
})

And the output looks like:

Normal:    1566424897579
Mocked:    1466424490000
Restored:  1566424897608

回答4:

You can replace the Date constructor with something that always returns a hardcoded date, and then put it back to normal when done.

var _Date = null;

function replaceDate() {
  if (_Date) {
    return
  };

  _Date = Date;

  Object.getOwnPropertyNames(Date).forEach(function(name) { 
    _Date[name] = Date[name] 
  });

  // set Date ctor to always return same date
  Date = function() { return new _Date('2000-01-01T00:00:00.000Z') }

  Object.getOwnPropertyNames(_Date).forEach(function(name) { 
    Date[name] = _Date[name] 
  });  
}

function repairDate() {
  if (_Date === null) {
    return;
  }

  Date = _Date;
  Object.getOwnPropertyNames(_Date).forEach(function(name) { 
    Date[name] = _Date[name] 
  });  

  _Date = null;
}

// test that two dates created at different times return the same timestamp
var t0 = new Date();

// create another one 100ms later
setTimeout(function() {
  var t1 = new Date();

  console.log(t0.getTime(), t1.getTime(), t0.getTime() === t1.getTime());

  // put things back to normal when done
  repairDate();
}, 100);

回答5:

I just wrote a jest test and was able to stub new Date() with global.Date = () => now

回答6:

Here's what I'm doing now and this is working and doesn't clutter my method's signature.

newDate.js

module.exports = function(){
  return new Date();
};

someModule.js

var newDate = require('newDate.js');
module.exports = {
  sameTimeTomorrow: function(){
    var dt = newDate();
        dt.setDate(dt.getDate() + 1);
    return dt;
  }
};

someModule-test.js

jest.dontMock('someModule.js');

describe('someModule', function(){

  it('sameTimeTomorrow', function(){
   var newDate = require('../../_app/util/newDate.js');
       newDate.mockReturnValue(new Date(2015, 02, 13, 09, 15, 40, 123));

   var someModule = require('someModule.js');

   expect(someModule.sameTimeTomorrow().toString()).toBe(new Date(2015, 02, 14, 09, 15, 40, 123).toString());
  });

});