Add claims on successful login and retrieve it els

问题:

Please I need assistance in implementing a custom way of assigning claims to authenticated users. On successful login,

var result = await SignInManager.PasswordSignInAsync(model.Email, model.Password, model.RememberMe, shouldLockout: false);
        switch (result)
        {
            case SignInStatus.Success:
                //Get the user
                ApplicationUser user = UserManager.FindByEmail(model.Email);
                //Ends here
                ClaimsIdentity identity = await UserManager.CreateIdentityAsync(user, DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ApplicationCookie);
                AuthenticationManager.SignIn(new AuthenticationProperties() { IsPersistent = true }, identity);

I use the userId to fetch the role and other information about the user from the datastore. Thereafter, I need to add claims about the user with those information such as email, role, firstName, Lastname, gender, etc. before redirecting to the user dashboard. This is the way I try to do it but the problem is that even after adding the claims at the login method, I am not able to retrieve it at the _loginPartial razor view

For instance when I want to display the email claim value at the login partial like this

var claims = ClaimsPrincipal.Current.Claims;
    var principal = (ClaimsPrincipal)Thread.CurrentPrincipal;
    var email = principal.Claims.Where(c => c.Type == ClaimTypes.Email).Select(c => c.Value).SingleOrDefault();

It returns null.

So, as a result, I can only access them on the same login method after adding them but I need to be able to access it from anywhere in the application. Please I will appreciate any assistance on how to be able to retrieve these claims anywhere else throughout the application.

Thank you.

回答1:

You must add your claims before login not after. Consider this example:

public async Task<ActionResult> Login(LoginViewModel model,string returnUrl)
{
    var user = UserManager.Find(model.Email, model.Password);
    if(user!=null)
    {
        var ident = UserManager.CreateIdentity(user, 
            DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ApplicationCookie);
        ident.AddClaims(new[] {
            new Claim("MyClaimName","MyClaimValue"),
            new Claim("YetAnotherClaim","YetAnotherValue"),
        });
        AuthenticationManager.SignIn(
            new AuthenticationProperties() { IsPersistent = true }, 
            ident);
        return RedirectToLocal(returnUrl);
    }
    ModelState.AddModelError("", "Invalid login attempt.");
    return View(model);
}

Now since we have injected our claims while signing in, we have access to claims wherever we want:

((ClaimsIdentity)User.Identity).FindFirst("MyClaimName");

Also you could add your claims in ApplicationUser.GenerateUserIdentityAsync() method. By adding your claims in this method you could use SignInManager.PasswordSignInAsync() method to sign in users without any modification to default Login action method.

public class ApplicationUser : IdentityUser
{
    public async Task<ClaimsIdentity> GenerateUserIdentityAsync(UserManager<ApplicationUser> manager)
    {
        var userIdentity = await manager.CreateIdentityAsync(this, DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ApplicationCookie);
        // Add custom user claims here
        userIdentity .AddClaims(new[] {
            new Claim("MyClaimName","MyClaimValue"),
            new Claim("YetAnotherClaim","YetAnotherValue"),
        });
        return userIdentity;
    }
}

回答2:

In identity 2, this is done very differently and simply by creating a claims principal factory and then hooking it up in your startup ConfigureServices as below...

public class CustomClaimsPrincipalFactory : UserClaimsPrincipalFactory<IUser, IApplicationRole>
{
    public CustomClaimsPrincipalFactory(UserManager<IUser> userManager, RoleManager<IApplicationRole> roleManager,
                                                IOptions<IdentityOptions> optionsAccessor)
        : base(userManager, roleManager, optionsAccessor)
    {
    }

    public async override Task<ClaimsPrincipal> CreateAsync(IUser user)
    {
        var principal = await base.CreateAsync(user);

        // Add your claims here
        ((ClaimsIdentity)principal.Identity).AddClaims(new[] { new Claim(ClaimTypes.Email, user.Email),
                                                                new Claim(ClaimTypes.Gender, user.Gender),
                                                                new Claim(ClaimTypes.GivenName, user.FirstName),
                                                                new Claim(ClaimTypes.Surname, user.LastName)
                                                             });

        return principal;
    }
}

You would then hook it up in ConfigureServices just after calling AddIdentity like this...

         services.AddIdentity<IUser, IApplicationRole>()
         .AddDefaultTokenProviders();


        // Add Custom Claims processor
        services.AddScoped<IUserClaimsPrincipalFactory<IUser>, CustomClaimsPrincipalFactory>();

Here is a very good article on the subject...

https://www.codeguru.com/csharp/csharp/cs_misc/security/asp.net-core-and-claim-based-security.html

回答3:

Then in the view page

@(((ClaimsIdentity)User.Identity).FindFirstValue("firstName"))

It will show the authenticated user firstName.

and import the following packages at the top of the page

@using Microsoft.AspNet.Identity
@using System.Security.Claims;

回答4:

are you not able to access User.Identity from the view?

To retrieve claims for a user, it's been as simple as this for me:

var identity = (ClaimsIdentity) User.Identity

And then accessing identity.Claims and using LINQ to retrieve specific claims.

回答5:

The Claim property from IdentityUser gives you an ICollection with that collection you can call the following C# method:

    public string GetCustomClaimValue(ICollection<IdentityUserClaim> claimCollection, string customClaimType)
    {
        string claimValue = "";
        foreach (IdentityUserClaim claim in claimCollection)
        {
            if (claim.ClaimType == customClaimType)
            {
                claimValue = claim.ClaimValue;
                break;
            }
        }
        return claimValue;
    }