Python “FileExists” error when making directory

问题:

I have several threads running in parallel from Python on a cluster system. Each python thread outputs to a directory mydir. Each script, before outputting checks if mydir exists and if not creates it:

if not os.path.isdir(mydir):
    os.makedirs(mydir)

but this yields the error:

os.makedirs(self.log_dir)                                             
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/os.py", line 157, in makedirs
mkdir(name,mode)
OSError: [Errno 17] File exists

I suspect it might be due to a race condition, where one job creates the dir before the other gets to it. Is this possible? If so, how can this error be avoided?

I'm not sure it's a race condition so was wondering if other issues in Python can cause this odd error.

回答1:

Any time code can execute between when you check something and when you act on it, you will have a race condition. One way to avoid this (and the usual way in Python) is to just try and then handle the exception

while True:
    mydir = next_dir_name()
    try:
        os.makedirs(mydir)
        break
    except OSError, e:
        if e.errno != os.errno.EEXIST:
            raise   
        # time.sleep might help here
        pass

If you have a lot of threads trying to make a predictable series of directories this will still raise a lot of exceptions, but you will get there in the end. Better to just have one thread creating the dirs in that case

回答2:

As of Python >=3.2, os.makedirs() can take a third optional argument exist_ok:

os.makedirs(mydir, exist_ok=True)

回答3:

Catch the exception and, if the errno is 17, ignore it. That's the only thing you can do if there's a race condition between the isdir and makedirs calls.

However, it could also be possible that a file with the same name exists - in that case os.path.exists would return True but os.path.isdir returns false.

回答4:

I had a similar issues and here is what I did

try:
   if not os.path.exists(os.path.dirname(mydir)):
       os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(mydir))
except OSError as err:
   print(err)

Description: Just checking if the directory already exist throws this error message [Errno 17] File exists because we are just checking if the directory name exist or not which will return the directory name of the mydir value being passed but not if it already exist or not. What is being missed is not checking if that directory already exist which can be done by checking the path with os.path.exists() and in there we passed the respective directory name.

回答5:

To ignore the dir or file exist error, you can try this:

    except OSError, e:
        if e.errno != 17:
            print("Error:", e)