When I compiled this program (from C++ Programming Language 4th edition):
main.cpp
#include <stdafx.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
#include "vector.h"
using namespace std;
double sqrt_sum(vector&);
int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
vector v(6);
sqrt_sum(v);
return 0;
}
double sqrt_sum(vector& v)
{
double sum = 0;
for (int i = 0; i != v.size(); ++i)
sum += sqrt(v[i]);
return sum;
}
vector.cpp
#include <stdafx.h>
#include "vector.h"
vector::vector(int s)
:elem{ new double[s] }, sz{ s }
{
}
double& vector::operator[](int i)
{
return elem[i];
}
int vector::size()
{
return sz;
}
vector.h
#include <stdafx.h>
class vector{
public:
vector(int s);
double& operator[](int i);
int size();
private:
double* elem;
int sz;
};
It gave me these errors:
I run it on Microsoft Visual Studio 2013, on Windows 7. How to fix it?
You have to properly understand what is a "stdafx.h", aka precompiled header. Other questions or Wikipedia will answer that. In many cases a precompiled header can be avoided, especially if your project is small and with few dependencies. In your case, as you probably started from a template project, it was used to include Windows.h
only for the _TCHAR
macro.
Then, precompiled header is usually a per-project file in Visual Studio world, so:
- Ensure you have the file "stdafx.h" in your project. If you don't (e.g. you removed it) just create a new temporary project and copy the default one from there;
- Change the
#include <stdafx.h>
to #include "stdafx.h"
. It is supposed to be a project local file, not to be resolved in include directories.
Secondly: it's inadvisable to include the precompiled header in your own headers, to not clutter namespace of other source that can use your code as a library, so completely remove its inclusion in vector.h
.
Just include windows.h instead of stdfax or create a clean project without template.
There are two solutions for it.
Solution number one:
1.Recreate the project. While creating a project ensure that precompiled header is checked(Application settings... *** Do not check empty project)
Solution Number two:
1.Create stdafx.h and stdafx.cpp in your project
2 Right click on project -> properties -> C/C++ -> Precompiled Headers
3.select precompiled header to create(/Yc)
4.Rebuild the solution
Drop me a message if you encounter any issue.
Add #include "afxwin.h"
in your source file. It will solve your issue.
You can fix this problem by adding "$(ProjectDir)" (or wherever the stdafx.h is) to list of directories under Project->Properties->Configuration Properties->C/C++->General->Additional Include Directories.
Just running through a Visual Studio Code tutorial and came across a similiar issue.
Replace #include "stdafx.h"
with #include "pch.h"
which is the updated name for the precompiled headers.