python subprocess communicate() block

问题:

I am using the subprocess module to call an external program (plink.exe) to log-in to a server; but when I call communicate to read the output, it is blocking. The code is below:

 import subprocess
 process = subprocess.Popen('plink.exe hello@10.120.139.170 -pw 123456'.split(), shell=False, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
 print process.communicate() #block here

I know the block is because plink.exe it still running; but I need to read the output before the subprocess terminates. Is there anyway to do that?

回答1:

The whole purpose of the communicate method is to wait for the process to finish and return all the output. If you don't want to wait, don't call communicate. Instead, read from the stdout or stderr attribute to read the output.

If the process outputs to both stdout and stderr (and you want to read it separately), you will have to be careful to actually read from both without blocking, or you can deadlock. This is fairly hard on Windows, and you may wish to use the pexpect module instead.

回答2:

I faced a similar situation where I had to execute a single command lmstat -a and then get the output of the terminal.

If you just need to run a single command and then read the output, you can use the following code:

import subprocess

Username = 'your_username'
Password = 'your_password'
IP = 'IP_of_system'
Connection_type = '-ssh' #can have values -ssh -telnet -rlogin -raw -serial

p = subprocess.Popen(['plink', Connection_type, '-l', Username, '-pw', Password, IP], \
                     shell = False, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
out, err = p.communicate('lmstat -a\nexit\n'.encode())
print(out.decode())

回答3:

Maybe because "plink.exe" needs to take in input arguments, if you don't pass them, it will block until data are given, you could try adding arguments in method communicate(input)