SQL: How to find duplicates based on two fields?

问题:

I have rows in an Oracle database table which should be unique for a combination of two fields but the unique constrain is not set up on the table so I need to find all rows which violate the constraint myself using SQL. Unfortunately my meager SQL skills aren't up to the task.

My table has three columns which are relevant: entity_id, station_id, and obs_year. For each row the combination of station_id and obs_year should be unique, and I want to find out if there are rows which violate this by flushing them out with an SQL query.

I have tried the following SQL (suggested by this previous question) but it doesn't work for me (I get ORA-00918 column ambiguously defined):

SELECT
entity_id, station_id, obs_year
FROM
mytable t1
INNER JOIN (
SELECT entity_id, station_id, obs_year FROM mytable 
GROUP BY entity_id, station_id, obs_year HAVING COUNT(*) > 1) dupes 
ON 
t1.station_id = dupes.station_id AND
t1.obs_year = dupes.obs_year

Can someone suggest what I'm doing wrong, and/or how to solve this?

回答1:

SELECT  *
FROM    (
        SELECT  t.*, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY station_id, obs_year ORDER BY entity_id) AS rn
        FROM    mytable t
        )
WHERE   rn > 1

回答2:

SELECT entity_id, station_id, obs_year
FROM mytable t1
WHERE EXISTS (SELECT 1 from mytable t2 Where
       t1.station_id = t2.station_id
       AND t1.obs_year = t2.obs_year
       AND t1.RowId <> t2.RowId)

回答3:

Change the 3 fields in the initial select to be

SELECT
t1.entity_id, t1.station_id, t1.obs_year

回答4:

Re-write of your query

SELECT
t1.entity_id, t1.station_id, t1.obs_year
FROM
mytable t1
INNER JOIN (
SELECT entity_id, station_id, obs_year FROM mytable 
GROUP BY entity_id, station_id, obs_year HAVING COUNT(*) > 1) dupes 
ON 
t1.station_id = dupes.station_id AND
t1.obs_year = dupes.obs_year

I think the ambiguous column error (ORA-00918) was because you were selecting columns whose names appeared in both the table and the subquery, but you did not specifiy if you wanted it from dupes or from mytable (aliased as t1).

回答5:

Could you not create a new table that includes the unique constraint, and then copy across the data row by row, ignoring failures?

回答6:

You need to specify the table for the columns in the main select. Also, assuming entity_id is the unique key for mytable and is irrelevant to finding duplicates, you should not be grouping on it in the dupes subquery.

Try:

SELECT t1.entity_id, t1.station_id, t1.obs_year
FROM mytable t1
INNER JOIN (
SELECT station_id, obs_year FROM mytable 
GROUP BY station_id, obs_year HAVING COUNT(*) > 1) dupes 
ON 
t1.station_id = dupes.station_id AND
t1.obs_year = dupes.obs_year

回答7:

SELECT  *
FROM    (
        SELECT  t.*, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY station_id, obs_year ORDER BY entity_id) AS rn
        FROM    mytable t
        )
WHERE   rn > 1

by Quassnoi is the most efficient for large tables. I had this analysis of cost :

SELECT a.dist_code, a.book_date, a.book_no
FROM trn_refil_book a
WHERE EXISTS (SELECT 1 from trn_refil_book b Where
       a.dist_code = b.dist_code and a.book_date = b.book_date and a.book_no = b.book_no
       AND a.RowId <> b.RowId)
       ;

gave a cost of 1322341

SELECT a.dist_code, a.book_date, a.book_no
FROM trn_refil_book a
INNER JOIN (
SELECT b.dist_code, b.book_date, b.book_no FROM trn_refil_book b 
GROUP BY b.dist_code, b.book_date, b.book_no HAVING COUNT(*) > 1) c 
ON 
 a.dist_code = c.dist_code and a.book_date = c.book_date and a.book_no = c.book_no
;

gave a cost of 1271699

while

SELECT  dist_code, book_date, book_no
FROM    (
        SELECT  t.dist_code, t.book_date, t.book_no, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY t.book_date, t.book_no
          ORDER BY t.dist_code) AS rn
        FROM    trn_refil_book t
        ) p
WHERE   p.rn > 1
;

gave a cost of 1021984

The table was not indexed....

回答8:

  SELECT entity_id, station_id, obs_year
    FROM mytable
GROUP BY entity_id, station_id, obs_year
HAVING COUNT(*) > 1

Specify the fields to find duplicates on both the SELECT and the GROUP BY.

It works by using GROUP BY to find any rows that match any other rows based on the specified Columns. The HAVING COUNT(*) > 1 says that we are only interested in seeing any rows that occur more than 1 time (and are therefore duplicates)

回答9:

I thought a lot of the solutions here were cumbersome and tough to understand since I had a 3 column primary key constraint and needed to find the duplicates. So here's an option

SELECT id, name, value, COUNT(*) FROM db_name.table_name
GROUP BY id, name, value
HAVING COUNT(*) > 1