Detecting screen recording settings on macOS Catal

问题:

What's is a reliable way to detect if user has enabled this API?

CGWindowListCreateImage returns a valid object even if screen recording API is disabled. There are multiple combinations possible (kCGWindowListOptionIncludingWindow, kCGWindowListOptionOnScreenBelowWindow) and only some will return NULL.

- (CGImageRef)createScreenshotImage
{
    NSWindow *window = [[self view] window];
    NSRect rect = [window frame];

    rect.origin.y = NSHeight([[window screen] frame]) - NSMaxY([window frame]);
    CGImageRef screenshot = CGWindowListCreateImage(
                                                    rect,
                                                    kCGWindowListOptionIncludingWindow,
                                                    //kCGWindowListOptionOnScreenBelowWindow,
                                                    0,//(CGWindowID)[window windowNumber],
                                                    kCGWindowImageBoundsIgnoreFraming);//kCGWindowImageDefault
    return screenshot;
}

The only reliable way is through CGDisplayStreamCreate which is risky as Apple always changes privacy settings every year.

   - (BOOL)canRecordScreen
    {
        if (@available(macOS 10.15, *)) {
            CGDisplayStreamRef stream = CGDisplayStreamCreate(CGMainDisplayID(), 1, 1, kCVPixelFormatType_32BGRA, nil, ^(CGDisplayStreamFrameStatus status, uint64_t displayTime, IOSurfaceRef frameSurface, CGDisplayStreamUpdateRef updateRef) {
                ;
            });
            BOOL canRecord = stream != NULL;
            if (stream) { 
              CFRelease(stream); 
            }
            return canRecord;
        } else {
            return YES;
        }
    }

回答1:

All of the solutions presented here have a flaw in one way or another. The root of the problem is that there's no correlation between your permission to know about a window (via the name in the window list), your permission to know about the process owner of the window (such as WindowServer and Dock). Your permission to view the pixels on screen is a combination of two sparse sets of information.

Here is a heuristic that covers all the cases as of macOS 10.15.1:

BOOL canRecordScreen = YES;
if (@available(macOS 10.15, *)) {
    canRecordScreen = NO;
    NSRunningApplication *runningApplication = NSRunningApplication.currentApplication;
    NSNumber *ourProcessIdentifier = [NSNumber numberWithInteger:runningApplication.processIdentifier];

    CFArrayRef windowList = CGWindowListCopyWindowInfo(kCGWindowListOptionOnScreenOnly, kCGNullWindowID);
    NSUInteger numberOfWindows = CFArrayGetCount(windowList);
    for (int index = 0; index < numberOfWindows; index++) {
        // get information for each window
        NSDictionary *windowInfo = (NSDictionary *)CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(windowList, index);
        NSString *windowName = windowInfo[(id)kCGWindowName];
        NSNumber *processIdentifier = windowInfo[(id)kCGWindowOwnerPID];

        // don't check windows owned by this process
        if (! [processIdentifier isEqual:ourProcessIdentifier]) {
            // get process information for each window
            pid_t pid = processIdentifier.intValue;
            NSRunningApplication *windowRunningApplication = [NSRunningApplication runningApplicationWithProcessIdentifier:pid];
            if (! windowRunningApplication) {
                // ignore processes we don't have access to, such as WindowServer, which manages the windows named "Menubar" and "Backstop Menubar"
            }
            else {
                NSString *windowExecutableName = windowRunningApplication.executableURL.lastPathComponent;
                if (windowName) {
                    if ([windowExecutableName isEqual:@"Dock"]) {
                        // ignore the Dock, which provides the desktop picture
                    }
                    else {
                        canRecordScreen = YES;
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    CFRelease(windowList);
}

If canRecordScreen is not set, you'll need to put up some kind of dialog that warns the user that they'll only be able to see the menubar, desktop picture, and the app's own windows. Here's how we presented it in our app xScope.

And yes, I'm still bitter that these protections were introduced with little regard to usability.

回答2:

@marek-h posted a good example that can detect the screen recording setting without showing privacy alert. Btw, @jordan-h mentioned that this solution doesn't work when the app presents an alert via beginSheetModalForWindow.

I found that SystemUIServer process is always creating some windows with names: AppleVolumeExtra, AppleClockExtra, AppleBluetoothExtra ...

We can't get the names of these windows, before the screen recording is enabled in Privacy preferences. And when we can get one of these names at least, then it means that the user has enabled screen recording.

So we can check the names of the windows (created by SystemUIServer process) to detect the screen recording preference, and it works fine on macOS Catalina.

#include <AppKit/AppKit.h>
#include <libproc.h>

bool isScreenRecordingEnabled()
{
    if (@available(macos 10.15, *)) {
        bool bRet = false;
        CFArrayRef list = CGWindowListCopyWindowInfo(kCGWindowListOptionAll, kCGNullWindowID);
        if (list) {
            int n = (int)(CFArrayGetCount(list));
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                NSDictionary* info = (NSDictionary*)(CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(list, (CFIndex)i));
                NSString* name = info[(id)kCGWindowName];
                NSNumber* pid = info[(id)kCGWindowOwnerPID];
                if (pid != nil && name != nil) {
                    int nPid = [pid intValue];
                    char path[PROC_PIDPATHINFO_MAXSIZE+1];
                    int lenPath = proc_pidpath(nPid, path, PROC_PIDPATHINFO_MAXSIZE);
                    if (lenPath > 0) {
                        path[lenPath] = 0;
                        if (strcmp(path, "/System/Library/CoreServices/SystemUIServer.app/Contents/MacOS/SystemUIServer") == 0) {
                            bRet = true;
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            CFRelease(list);
        }
        return bRet;
    } else {
        return true;
    }
}

回答3:

I'm not aware of an API that's specifically for getting the screen recording permission status. Besides creating a CGDisplayStream and checking for nil, the Advances in macOS Security WWDC presentation also mentioned that certain metadata from the CGWindowListCopyWindowInfo() API will not be returned unless permission is granted. So something like this does seem to work, although it has the same issue of relying on implementation details of that function:

private func canRecordScreen() -> Bool {
    guard let windows = CGWindowListCopyWindowInfo([.optionOnScreenOnly], kCGNullWindowID) as? [[String: AnyObject]] else { return false }
    return windows.allSatisfy({ window in
        let windowName = window[kCGWindowName as String] as? String
        return windowName != nil
    })
}

回答4:

As of Nov19 chockenberry has correct answer.

As @onelittlefish pointed out the kCGWindowName is being omitted in case user has not enabled the screen recording access in privacy pane. This method also doesn't trigger the privacy alert.

- (BOOL)canRecordScreen
{
    if (@available(macOS 10.15, *)) {
        CFArrayRef windowList = CGWindowListCopyWindowInfo(kCGWindowListOptionOnScreenOnly, kCGNullWindowID);
        NSUInteger numberOfWindows = CFArrayGetCount(windowList);
        NSUInteger numberOfWindowsWithName = 0;
        for (int idx = 0; idx < numberOfWindows; idx++) {
            NSDictionary *windowInfo = (NSDictionary *)CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(windowList, idx);
            NSString *windowName = windowInfo[(id)kCGWindowName];
            if (windowName) {
                numberOfWindowsWithName++;
            } else {
                //no kCGWindowName detected -> not enabled
                break; //breaking early, numberOfWindowsWithName not increased
            }

        }
        CFRelease(windowList);
        return numberOfWindows == numberOfWindowsWithName;
    }
    return YES;
}

回答5:

The most favorable answer is not exactly right, he left out some sences, like sharing state.

we can find the answer in WWDC(https://developer.apple.com/videos/play/wwdc2019/701/?time=1007)

Here are some excerpts from WWDC: the window name and sharing state are not available, unless the user has preapproved the app for screen recording. And this is because some apps put sensitive data such as account names or more likely web page URLs in the window's name.

- (BOOL)ScreeningRecordPermissionCheck {
    if (@available(macOS 10.15, *)) {
        CFArrayRef windowList = CGWindowListCopyWindowInfo(kCGWindowListOptionOnScreenOnly, kCGNullWindowID);
        NSUInteger numberOfWindows = CFArrayGetCount(windowList);
        NSUInteger numberOfWindowsWithInfoGet = 0;
        for (int idx = 0; idx < numberOfWindows; idx++) {

            NSDictionary *windowInfo = (NSDictionary *)CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(windowList, idx);
            NSString *windowName = windowInfo[(id)kCGWindowName];
            NSNumber* sharingType = windowInfo[(id)kCGWindowSharingState];

            if (windowName || kCGWindowSharingNone != sharingType.intValue) {
                numberOfWindowsWithInfoGet++;
            } else {
                NSNumber* pid = windowInfo[(id)kCGWindowOwnerPID];
                NSString* appName = windowInfo[(id)kCGWindowOwnerName];
                NSLog(@"windowInfo get Fail pid:%lu appName:%@", pid.integerValue, appName);
            }
        }
        CFRelease(windowList);
        if (numberOfWindows == numberOfWindowsWithInfoGet) {
            return YES;
        } else {
            return NO;
        }
    }
    return YES;
}

回答6:

The above answer is not working fine. Below is the correct answer.

private var canRecordScreen : Bool {
    guard let windows = CGWindowListCopyWindowInfo([.optionOnScreenOnly], kCGNullWindowID) as? [[String: AnyObject]] else { return false }
    return windows.allSatisfy({ window in
        let windowName = window[kCGWindowName as String] as? String
        let isSharingEnabled = window[kCGWindowSharingState as String] as? Int
        return windowName != nil || isSharingEnabled == 1
    })
  }