Delivery Notification in SMTP

问题:

Below code is workin fine . However I need get Failure or Success Notification to Specific address ([e-mail]). But I'm receiving Delivery Notification mail to FromMail address([e-mail]). Can you please help me to resolve this problem?

SmtpClient smtpClient = new SmtpClient();

MailMessage message = new MailMessage();
MailAddress fromAddress = new MailAddress("[e-mail]", "BALA");
MailAddress adminAddress = new MailAddress("[e-mail]");

smtpClient.Host = "Mail Server Name";
smtpClient.Port = 25;
smtpClient.UseDefaultCredentials = true; 

message.From = fromAddress;
message.To.Add(_sendTo); //Recipent email
message.Subject = _subject;
message.Body = _details;
message.IsBodyHtml = true;


message.Headers.Add("Disposition-Notification-To", "[e-mail]");

message.DeliveryNotificationOptions = DeliveryNotificationOptions.OnSuccess;

message.ReplyTo = adminAddress;

smtpClient.DeliveryMethod = SmtpDeliveryMethod.Network;
smtpClient.Send(message);

回答1:

The short answer is what you are asking cannot be done in the direct manner in which you are assuming.

This will only work in certain conditions. The easiest to describe would be if the SMTP server you are using to send the message, is the same server that hosts the domain of the recipient email messages (the server you refer to when setting your .HOST property of smtpClient). So, if you were only sending to recipients on your local SMTP mail server, then this might work pretty reliably. But that depends on the specific SMTP server software being used and potentially also on how it is configured.

To explain why this is, you must realize that only the last SMTP mail server receiving the message that actually hosts the desired email addresses, will be able to authoritatively answer the question, is this a valid email address. If the message has to pass through any other email servers on the way to getting at this final authoritative server, the message has to be handed off sequentially from one server to the next server in the chain until it reaches that final authoritative server. This means that there is not a guaranteed method for authenticating a specific address. Couple this with the fact that some domains are configured to act as a black hole and swallow illegitimately addressed mail, and you can see that there are many reasons why you cannot rely on that methodology.

So, many messages to external domains are going to have to hit at least one separate SMTP server and depending on how that server answers or forwards the mail, it will determine the results for any specific receiving domain. In fact, monitoring the FROM address for bounced messages is not foolproof either as my previous comment about some hosts putting some messages into a black hole if they do not appear to be valid.

回答2:

If the recipient e-mail address is valid you don't get an immediate return value about the successful delivery of the message; see the signature:

public void Send(MailMessage message)

The SMTP server will notify the sender (or whoever you specify for the notification) almost immediately with an 'Undeliverable' notification whenever the recipient e-mail address is invalid/fake.

SMTP servers are required to periodically retry delivery. When the recipient e-mail address is a valid address but for some reason the SMTP server could not deliver the message, the SMTP server will return a failure message to the sender if it cannot deliver the message after a certain period of time.

RFC 2821 contains more details.

From section 2.1 Basic Structure

In other words, message transfer can occur in a single connection between the original SMTP-sender and the final SMTP-recipient, or can occur in a series of hops through intermediary systems. In either case, a formal handoff of responsibility for the message occurs: the protocol requires that a server accept responsibility for either delivering a message or properly reporting the failure to do so.

See sections 4.5.4 and 4.5.5

From section 6.1 Reliable Delivery and Replies by Email

If there is a delivery failure after acceptance of a message, the receiver-SMTP MUST formulate and mail a notification message. This notification MUST be sent using a null ("<>") reverse path in the envelope. The recipient of this notification MUST be the address from the envelope return path (or the Return-Path: line).

回答3:

According to MSDN the .Send will throw a SmtpFailedRecipientsException EDIT: if the MESSAGE can not be delivered to one or more of the recipients. You can find the information on which one in the Failed Recipient property in the exception. Thus if you try and catch that exception and validate the address you're looking for in the Exception, that might help.