Equivalent to Windows getch() for Mac/Linux crashe

问题:

I am using getch() and my app crashes instantly. Including when doing:

int main()
{
    getch();
}

I can't find the link but supposedly the problem is that it needs to turn off buffering or something strange along those lines, and I still want cout to work along with cross platform code.

I was told to use std::cin.get(), but I'd like the app to quit when a key is pressed, not when the user typed in a letter or number then press enter to quit.

Is there any function for this? The code must work under Mac (my os) and Windows.

---

Linking/compiling is not an issue; I include <curses.h> and link with -lcurses in XCode, while Windows uses <conio.h>.

回答1:

Have you looked in <curses.h> to see what the getch() function does?

Hint: OSX and Linux are not the same as Windows.

Specifically, as a macro in <curses.h>, we find:

#define getch() wgetch(stdscr)

Now, there appears, on your system, to be an actual function getch() in the curses library, but it expects stdscr to be set up, and that is done by the curses initialization functions (initscr() and relatives), and that is signally not done by your code. So, your code is invoking undefined behaviour by calling curses routines before the correct initialization is done, leading to the crash.

(Good hint from dmckee - it helped get the link line out of acidzombie24, which was important.)

To get to a point where a single key-stroke can be read and the program terminated cleanly, you have to do a good deal of work on Unix (OSX, Linux). You would have to trap the initial state of the terminal, arrange for an atexit() function - or some similar mechanism - to restore the state of the terminal, change the terminal from cooked mode into raw mode, then invoke a function to read a character (possibly just read(0, &c, 1)), and do your exit. There might be other ways to do it - but it certainly will involve some setup and teardown operations.

One book that might help is Advanced Unix Programming, 2nd Edn by Mark Rochkind; it covers terminal handling at the level needed. Alternatively, you can use <curses.h> properly - that will be simpler than a roll-your-own solution, and probably more reliable.

回答2:

You have not exhibited a

#include <stdio.h>

or

#include <curses.h>

or similar line. Are you sure that you are linking against a library that includes getch()?

回答3:

Use the cin.get() function for example:

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
  char input = cin.get();

  cout << "You Pressed: " << input;
}

The program would then wait for you to press a key.

Once you have, the key you pressed would be printed to the screen.

回答4:

The getch function is not available on Unix-like systems, but you can replace it with console commands through your compiler with the system function.

Usage:

In Windows you can use system("pause");

In Unix-like systems (such as OSX) you can use system("read -n1 -p ' ' key");

Note: system is declared in <stdlib.h>.