django.db.utils.IntegrityError: UNIQUE constraint

问题:

I'm learning Django from Tango with Django but I keep getting this error when I type:

python manage.py makemigrations rango
python manage.py migrate

This is the output:

django.db.utils.IntegrityError: UNIQUE constraint failed: rango_category__new.slug

Models.py:

from django.db import models
from django.template.defaultfilters import slugify

class Category(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=128, unique=True)
    views = models.IntegerField(default=0)
    likes = models.IntegerField(default=0)
    slug = models.SlugField(unique=True)

    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        self.slug = slugify(self.name)
        super(Category, self).save(*args, **kwargs)

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.name


class Page(models.Model):
    category = models.ForeignKey(Category)
    title = models.CharField(max_length=128)
    url = models.URLField()
    views = models.IntegerField(default=0)

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.title

回答1:

The reason for this constrain could be that you didn't have any field called slug in Category class when you have initially migrated it(First Migration), and after adding this field in the model, when you ran makemigrations, you have set default value to something static value(i.e None or '' etc), and which broke the unique constrain for the Category's table's slug column in which slug should be unique but it isn't because all the entry will get that default value.

To solve this, you can either drop the database and migration files and re-run makemigrations and migrate or set a unique default value like this:

slug = models.SlugField(unique=True, default=uuid.uuid1)

Edit:

According to this, modify your migration file to overcome unique constrain. For example, modify your migration file(which added the slug field to the model) like this:

import uuid
from app.models import Category  #where app == tango_app_name

class Migration(migrations.Migration):

    dependencies = [
        ('yourproject', '0003_remove_category_slug'),
    ]

    def gen_uuid(apps, schema_editor):
        for row in Category.objects.all():
            row.slug = uuid.uuid4()
            row.save()

    operations = [
        migrations.AddField(
            model_name='category',
            name='slug',
            field=models.SlugField(default=uuid.uuid4),
            preserve_default=True,
        ),
        migrations.RunPython(gen_uuid),

        migrations.AlterField(
            model_name='category',
            name='slug',
            field=models.SlugField(default=uuid.uuid4, unique=True),
        ),
    ]

回答2:

I got a field with attribute unique, which was not unique [eg 2-time same value]

python3 manage.py migrate --fake

then

python3 manage.py makemigrations

python3 manage.py migrate

this did the trick

回答3:

This means a slug should be unique. You may have some data in your model. You need to delete all the data in that model and you need to migrate again.

In this situation, you have two ways to fix the error;

1. You need to delete it from the Django admin site. More often than not, it may give an error when you are trying to open the model.

2. Open command prompt

move to project -> py manage.py shell -> from yourappname.models import modelname -> modelname.objects.delete()

Here if you define a product manager for your model. Then you have to define a delete function. Later you should makemigrate, migrate and continue with the second way

回答4:

What worked for me was going to the admin and changing the value of duplicate slug, before running the migrations again.

回答5:

python manage.py flush 

Did the trick. Brutal but effective. Warning! All your data in database will be lost. You will have to create superuser and so on...