Rails 3 library not loading until require

问题:

I'm trying to load the Tokbox SDK in rails 3. I've placed the library in my /lib directory, so currently my directory structure looks like so:

/lib
  opentok.rb
  /OpenTok
    Exceptions.rb
    OpenTokSDK.rb
    Session.rb

I'm loading all files in the /lib directory using the following in application.rb:

config.autoload_paths += %W(#{config.root}/lib)
config.autoload_paths += Dir["#{config.root}/lib/**/"]

Other files I have in the /lib directory are auto-loading just fine, but this library does not load until I add a require 'OpenTok':

ruby-1.9.2-p0 > OpenTok
NameError: uninitialized constant OpenTok
ruby-1.9.2-p0 > OpenTok::OpenTokSDK
NameError: uninitialized constant OpenTok
ruby-1.9.2-p0 > require 'OpenTok'
 => ["OpenTok"]
ruby-1.9.2-p0 > OpenTok
 => OpenTok
ruby-1.9.2-p0 > OpenTok::OpenTokSDK
 => OpenTok::OpenTokSDK 

What is the correct way to load the library in Rails 3?

回答1:

The autoloader will snake case the constant, so "OpenTok" would make the autoloader look for "open_tok.rb", not "opentok.rb". Try renaming lib/opentok.rb and it should work fine.

回答2:

Auto-loading works fine as long as the class in your file is a class that is only defined in that file. It doesn't work if you're wanting to re-open an existing class (originally defined in standard Ruby, Rails, or another library) and customize it in some way.

Example of problem:

Here's an example of a file in lib/ that would never get autoloaded:

lib/active_record/base_extensions.rb:

ActiveRecord::Base   # make sure ActiveRecord::Base is loaded
module ActiveRecord::Base::Extensions
  # some methods here
end

class ActiveRecord::Base
  include ActiveRecord::Base::Extensions
end

This file reopens ActiveRecord::Base and adds some methods to that class.

What would trigger this file to get autoloaded?? Nothing! Auto-loading is based on constants, and the constant ActiveRecord::Base has already been loaded (from the activerecord gem).

So referencing the constant ActiveRecord::Base in your app would not cause this particular file to be auto-loaded.

Workaround:

This is what I do to ensure that all my Ruby files under lib/ get required:

Add a new initializer named config/initializers/require_files_in_lib.rb with this contents:

Dir[Rails.root + 'lib/**/*.rb'].each do |file|
  require file
end