How to fetch an email body using imaplib in python

问题:

I'd like to fetch the whole message from IMAP4 server. In python docs if found this bit of code that works:

>>> t, data = M.fetch('1', '(RFC822)')
>>> body = data[0][1]

I'm wondering if I can always trust that data[0][1] returns the body of the message. When I've run 'RFC822.SIZE' I've got just a string instead of a tuple.

I've skimmed through rfc1730 but I wasn't able to figure out the proper response structure for the 'RFC822'. It is also hard to tell the fetch result structure from imaplib documentation.

Here is what I'm getting when fetching RFC822:

('OK', [('1 (RFC822 {858569}', 'body of the message', ')')])

But when I fetch RFC822.SIZE I'm getting:

('OK', ['1 (RFC822.SIZE 847403)'])

How should I properly handle the data[0] list? Can I trust that when it is a list of tuples the tuples has exactly 3 parts and the second part is the payload?

Maybe you know any better library for imap4?

回答1:

No... imaplib is a pretty good library, it's imap that's so unintelligible.

You may wish to check that t == 'OK', but data[0][1] works as expected for as much as I've used it.

Here's a quick example I use to extract signed certificates I've received by email, not bomb-proof, but suits my purposes:

import getpass, os, imaplib, email
from OpenSSL.crypto import load_certificate, FILETYPE_PEM

def getMsgs(servername="myimapserverfqdn"):
  usernm = getpass.getuser()
  passwd = getpass.getpass()
  subject = 'Your SSL Certificate'
  conn = imaplib.IMAP4_SSL(servername)
  conn.login(usernm,passwd)
  conn.select('Inbox')
  typ, data = conn.search(None,'(UNSEEN SUBJECT "%s")' % subject)
  for num in data[0].split():
    typ, data = conn.fetch(num,'(RFC822)')
    msg = email.message_from_string(data[0][1])
    typ, data = conn.store(num,'-FLAGS','\\Seen')
    yield msg

def getAttachment(msg,check):
  for part in msg.walk():
    if part.get_content_type() == 'application/octet-stream':
      if check(part.get_filename()):
        return part.get_payload(decode=1)

if __name__ == '__main__':
  for msg in getMsgs():
    payload = getAttachment(msg,lambda x: x.endswith('.pem'))
    if not payload:
      continue
    try:
      cert = load_certificate(FILETYPE_PEM,payload)
    except:
      cert = None
    if cert:
      cn = cert.get_subject().commonName
      filename = "%s.pem" % cn
      if not os.path.exists(filename):
        open(filename,'w').write(payload)
        print "Writing to %s" % filename
      else:
        print "%s already exists" % filename

回答2:

The IMAPClient package is a fair bit easier to work with. From the description:

Easy-to-use, Pythonic and complete IMAP client library.

回答3:

This was my solution to extract the useful bits of information. It's been reliable so far:

import datetime
import email
import imaplib
import mailbox


EMAIL_ACCOUNT = "[e-mail]"
PASSWORD = "your password"

mail = imaplib.IMAP4_SSL('imap.gmail.com')
mail.login(EMAIL_ACCOUNT, PASSWORD)
mail.list()
mail.select('inbox')
result, data = mail.uid('search', None, "UNSEEN") # (ALL/UNSEEN)
i = len(data[0].split())

for x in range(i):
    latest_email_uid = data[0].split()[x]
    result, email_data = mail.uid('fetch', latest_email_uid, '(RFC822)')
    # result, email_data = conn.store(num,'-FLAGS','\\Seen') 
    # this might work to set flag to seen, if it doesn't already
    raw_email = email_data[0][1]
    raw_email_string = raw_email.decode('utf-8')
    email_message = email.message_from_string(raw_email_string)

    # Header Details
    date_tuple = email.utils.parsedate_tz(email_message['Date'])
    if date_tuple:
        local_date = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(email.utils.mktime_tz(date_tuple))
        local_message_date = "%s" %(str(local_date.strftime("%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S")))
    email_from = str(email.header.make_header(email.header.decode_header(email_message['From'])))
    email_to = str(email.header.make_header(email.header.decode_header(email_message['To'])))
    subject = str(email.header.make_header(email.header.decode_header(email_message['Subject'])))

    # Body details
    for part in email_message.walk():
        if part.get_content_type() == "text/plain":
            body = part.get_payload(decode=True)
            file_name = "email_" + str(x) + ".txt"
            output_file = open(file_name, 'w')
            output_file.write("From: %s\nTo: %s\nDate: %s\nSubject: %s\n\nBody: \n\n%s" %(email_from, email_to,local_message_date, subject, body.decode('utf-8')))
            output_file.close()
        else:
            continue

回答4:

You may use imap_tools package: https://pypi.org/project/imap-tools/

Features:

• Parsed email message attributes
• Query builder for searching emails
• Work with emails in folders (copy, delete, flag, move, seen)
• Work with mailbox folders (list, set, get, create, exists, rename, delete, status)
• No dependencies

example:

from imap_tools import MailBox, Q

# get list of email bodies from INBOX folder
with MailBox('imap.mail.com').login('[e-mail]', 'password') as mailbox:
    bodies = [msg.body for msg in mailbox.fetch()]