I don't like Jackson.
I want to use ajax but with Google Gson.
So I'm trying to figure out how to implement my own HttpMessageConverter to use it with @ResponseBody annotation.
Can someone take a time to show me the way I should go? What configurations should I turn on?
Also I'm wondering if I can do this and still use <mvc:annotation-driven />?
Thanks in advance.
I've already asked it in Spring Community Foruns about 3 days ago with no answer so I'm asking here to see if I get a better chance.
Spring Community Forums link to my question
I've also made an exhaustive search on the web and found something interesting on this subject but it seems they're thinking to put it in Spring 3.1 and I'm still using spring 3.0.5:
Jira's Spring Improvement ask
Well... now I'm trying to debug Spring code to find out myself how to do this, but I'm having some problems like I've said here:
Spring Framework Build Error
If there is another way to do this and I'm missing it, please let me know.
Well... it was so hard to find the answer and I had to follow so many clues to incomplete information that I think it will be good to post the complete answer here. So it will be easier for the next one searching for this.
First I had to implement the custom HttpMessageConverter:
package net.iogui.web.spring.converter;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.io.StringWriter;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import org.springframework.http.HttpInputMessage;
import org.springframework.http.HttpOutputMessage;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.http.converter.AbstractHttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageNotReadableException;
import org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageNotWritableException;
import com.google.gson.Gson;
import com.google.gson.JsonSyntaxException;
public class GsonHttpMessageConverter extends AbstractHttpMessageConverter<Object> {
private Gson gson = new Gson();
public static final Charset DEFAULT_CHARSET = Charset.forName("UTF-8");
public GsonHttpMessageConverter(){
super(new MediaType("application", "json", DEFAULT_CHARSET));
}
@Override
protected Object readInternal(Class<? extends Object> clazz,
HttpInputMessage inputMessage) throws IOException, HttpMessageNotReadableException {
try{
return gson.fromJson(convertStreamToString(inputMessage.getBody()), clazz);
}catch(JsonSyntaxException e){
throw new HttpMessageNotReadableException("Could not read JSON: " + e.getMessage(), e);
}
}
@Override
protected boolean supports(Class<?> clazz) {
return true;
}
@Override
protected void writeInternal(Object t,
HttpOutputMessage outputMessage) throws IOException, HttpMessageNotWritableException {
//TODO: adapt this to be able to receive a list of json objects too
String json = gson.toJson(t);
outputMessage.getBody().write(json.getBytes());
}
//TODO: move this to a more appropriated utils class
public String convertStreamToString(InputStream is) throws IOException {
/*
* To convert the InputStream to String we use the Reader.read(char[]
* buffer) method. We iterate until the Reader return -1 which means
* there's no more data to read. We use the StringWriter class to
* produce the string.
*/
if (is != null) {
Writer writer = new StringWriter();
char[] buffer = new char[1024];
try {
Reader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is, "UTF-8"));
int n;
while ((n = reader.read(buffer)) != -1) {
writer.write(buffer, 0, n);
}
} finally {
is.close();
}
return writer.toString();
} else {
return "";
}
}
}
Then I had to strip off the annnotaion-driven tag and configure all by my own hands on the spring-mvc configuration file:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
<!-- Configures the @Controller programming model -->
<!-- To use just with a JSR-303 provider in the classpath
<bean id="validator" class="org.springframework.validation.beanvalidation.LocalValidatorFactoryBean" />
-->
<bean id="conversionService" class="org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionServiceFactoryBean" />
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
<property name="webBindingInitializer">
<bean class="net.iogui.web.spring.util.CommonWebBindingInitializer" />
</property>
<property name="messageConverters">
<list>
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.ByteArrayHttpMessageConverter" />
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter" />
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.ResourceHttpMessageConverter" />
<bean class="net.iogui.web.spring.converter.GsonHttpMessageConverter" />
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.xml.SourceHttpMessageConverter" />
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.xml.XmlAwareFormHttpMessageConverter" />
<!-- bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.xml.Jaxb2RootElementHttpMessageConverter" /-->
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="handlerMapping" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping" />
<context:component-scan base-package="net.iogui.teste.web.controller"/>
<!-- Forwards requests to the "/" resource to the "login" view -->
<mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="home"/>
<!-- Handles HTTP GET requests for /resources/** by efficiently serving up static resources in the ${webappRoot}/resources/ directory -->
<mvc:resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/" />
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
See that, to make the Formater and Validator to work, we have to build a custom webBindingInitializer too:
package net.iogui.web.spring.util;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.core.convert.ConversionService;
import org.springframework.validation.Validator;
import org.springframework.web.bind.WebDataBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.support.WebBindingInitializer;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.WebRequest;
public class CommonWebBindingInitializer implements WebBindingInitializer {
@Autowired(required=false)
private Validator validator;
@Autowired
private ConversionService conversionService;
@Override
public void initBinder(WebDataBinder binder, WebRequest request) {
binder.setValidator(validator);
binder.setConversionService(conversionService);
}
}
An Interesting thing to see is that In order to make the configuration work without the annotaion-driven tag, we have to manually configure a AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter and a DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping. And in order to make the AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter capable of handling formatting and validation, we had to configure a validator, a conversionService and to build a custom webBindingInitializer.
I hope all this helps someone else besides me.
On my desperate search, this @Bozho post was extremely util. I am also grateful to @GaryF couse his answer took me to the @Bozho post.
To you that are trying to do this in Spring 3.1, see @Robby Pond answer.. A lot easier, isn't it?
You need to create a GsonMessageConverter that extends AbstractHttpMessageConverter and use the mvc-message-converters tag to register your message converter. That tag will let your converter take precedence over the Jackson one.
I had situation where usage of Jackson would require me to alter other group's (in the same company) code. Didn't like that. So I chose to use Gson and register TypeAdapters as needed.
Hooked up a converter and wrote a few integration tests using spring-test (used to be spring-mvc-test). No matter what variation I tried (using mvc:annotation-driven OR manual definition of the bean). None of them worked. Any combination of these always used the Jackson Converter which kept on failing.
Answer> Turns out that MockMvcBuilders' standaloneSetup method "hard" coded the message converters to default versions and ignored all my changes above. Here is what worked:
@Autowired
private RequestMappingHandlerAdapter adapter;
public void someOperation() {
StandaloneMockMvcBuilder smmb = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(controllerToTest);
List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> converters = adapter.getMessageConverters();
HttpMessageConverter<?> ary[] = new HttpMessageConverter[converters.size()];
smmb.setMessageConverters(conveters.toArray(ary));
mockMvc = smmb.build();
.
.
}
Hope this helps someone, in the end I used annotation-driven and re-purposing android's converter
If you want to add a message converter without messing with xml here is a simple example
@Autowired
private RequestMappingHandlerAdapter adapter;
@PostConstruct
public void initStuff() {
List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> messageConverters = adapter.getMessageConverters();
BufferedImageHttpMessageConverter imageConverter = new BufferedImageHttpMessageConverter();;
messageConverters.add(0,imageConverter);
}
Notice that GsonHttpMessageConverter was added recently to Spring (4.1)
Robby Pond is basically correct, but note that his suggestion to use the mvc:message-converters tag requires that you use 3.1. Since 3.1 is currently only a milestone release (M1), I'd suggest registering your converter this way after creating it:
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
<property name="messageConverters">
<util:list id="beanList">
<ref bean="someMessageConverter"/>
<ref bean="someOtherMessageConverter"/>
</util:list>
</property>
</bean>
Or as mentioned in Jira's Spring Improvement ask, write a BeanPostProcessor that adds your HttpMessageConvertor to the AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter
You can do this by writing the WebConfig file as a Java File. Extend your config file with WebMvcConfigurerAdapter and override extendMessageConverters method to add your intented Message Convertor. This method will retain the default converters added by Spring and will add your convertor at the end. Apparently you have full control with the list and you can add where ever you want in the list.
@Configuration
@EnableWebMvc
@ComponentScan(basePackageClasses={WebConfig.class})
public class WebConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
@Override
public void extendMessageConverters(List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> converters) {
converters.add(new GsonHttpMessageConverter());
}
}
package net.iogui.web.spring.converter;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.io.StringWriter;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import org.springframework.http.HttpInputMessage;
import org.springframework.http.HttpOutputMessage;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.http.converter.AbstractHttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageNotReadableException;
import org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageNotWritableException;
import com.google.gson.Gson;
import com.google.gson.JsonSyntaxException;
public class GsonHttpMessageConverter extends AbstractHttpMessageConverter<Object> {
private Gson gson = new Gson();
public static final Charset DEFAULT_CHARSET = Charset.forName("UTF-8");
public GsonHttpMessageConverter(){
super(new MediaType("application", "json", DEFAULT_CHARSET));
}
@Override
protected Object readInternal(Class<? extends Object> clazz,
HttpInputMessage inputMessage) throws IOException, HttpMessageNotReadableException {
try{
return gson.fromJson(convertStreamToString(inputMessage.getBody()), clazz);
}catch(JsonSyntaxException e){
throw new HttpMessageNotReadableException("Could not read JSON: " + e.getMessage(), e);
}
}
@Override
protected boolean supports(Class<?> clazz) {
return true;
}
@Override
protected void writeInternal(Object t,
HttpOutputMessage outputMessage) throws IOException, HttpMessageNotWritableException {
//TODO: adapt this to be able to receive a list of json objects too
String json = gson.toJson(t);
outputMessage.getBody().write(json.getBytes());
}
//TODO: move this to a more appropriated utils class
public String convertStreamToString(InputStream is) throws IOException {
/*
* To convert the InputStream to String we use the Reader.read(char[]
* buffer) method. We iterate until the Reader return -1 which means
* there's no more data to read. We use the StringWriter class to
* produce the string.
*/
if (is != null) {
Writer writer = new StringWriter();
char[] buffer = new char[1024];
try {
Reader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is, "UTF-8"));
int n;
while ((n = reader.read(buffer)) != -1) {
writer.write(buffer, 0, n);
}
} finally {
is.close();
}
return writer.toString();
} else {
return "";
}
}
