Vim: source code formatting

问题:

Take a look at the enum:

enum TestEnum
{
    First = 1,
    Second = 2,
    Unknown = 3,
    TestTestTest = 100,
    Zero = 0,
    Foo = 123,
}

How can I use the whole power of Vim to reformat it?

enum TestEnum
{
    First           = 1,
    Second          = 2,
    Unknown         = 3,
    TestTestTest    = 100,
    Zero            = 0,
    Foo             = 123,
}

Personally, I'm moving line by line and tabbing. It is the same as I would do that in any regular editor. How to do that the right way?

The same for class members:

class Foo
{
    SuperFoo foo1;
    RegularFoo foo2;
    SuperiorFoo foo3;
    YetAnotherFoo foo4;
    Bar bar;
}

to something like

class Foo
{
    SuperFoo        foo1;
    RegularFoo      foo2;
    SuperiorFoo     foo3;
    YetAnotherFoo   foo4;
    Bar             bar;
}

Thanks

回答1:

You can harvest from two plug-ins that can do this stuff:

• Align.vim , or
• Tabular.vim

回答2:

The Align.vim plugin is probably the way to go, but if you wish to have it handy on a standard installation, you could always filter through awk to get some generic functionality with not too much work.

For TestEnum you would do something like

'<,'>!awk '{printf "^I\%-20s\%-20s\%-20s\n", $1, $2, $3}'

after visually selecting the braced contents (viB is awesome here.)

For Foo you would do

'<,'>!awk '{printf "^I\%-20s\%-20s\n", $1, $2}'

You could probably make it variable width with an awk for-loop but at the cost of the easy and fast to type version here.

If you have the unix utility col handy, you might simply try

'<,'>!col -x

But here your mileage will really vary, as this is not the intended use of the utility.

回答3:

Align or Tabular sound like the way to go, but I will also mention the Unix utility column, which is pretty nifty and more people should know about.
Unix-specific, obviously. (On openSuSE 12.3, it's in the util-linux package; likely different on other distributions.)
To invoke it within vim, visually select the lines you want to align, then
:!column -t
So with the visual range that vim fills in for you when you hit : with lines selected, you get:
:'<,'>!column -t
(By default it separates on whitespace, but you can change that with the -s <separator> option.)
It aligns things such that each column is just long enough for its longest member.