How to use git locally and push to remote server

问题:

I want to use git to manage my development, integration test and production environments. I've looked around but can't seem to find a simple explanation of how (eg Git - pushing to remote repository doesn't quite do it). A very brief explanation of what I want to do:

• I master my codebase on my laptop as that's where I do most of my work.
• I host my site on 1and1. On there, I have two sites set up, the production site and an integration test site.
• I want to set up git so I can have two remotes on my laptop, say siteprod and siteint.
• Whenever I have a branch I want to test, I want to push it from my laptop, say using "git push siteprod newproductionversion" (I'm sure you get the idea).

I've achieved something close by creating a repository on 1and1 using git --init (note without --bare!) and setting up the remotes using ssh. But I have to set receive.denyCurrentBranch to ignore and once I've pushed, I have to checkout the branch by logging onto the 1and1 server. I have to repeat it all for the integration environment.

This seems very clumsy but I'm sure my use case is not at all unusual. Is there a sensible way of doing this?

回答1:

If you have ssh connection to the server, you can add a git remote directly to the repository on the server. Something like:

git add remote production [e-mail]:/path/to/repo/.git

Then, to deploy,

git push production branch

That said, you probably shouldn't have your production code served from a git repository. Much better is to set up a repository outside your web root and use a post-receive hook to copy the code to the web root. This appears to be outlined here: Deploy a project using Git push

回答2:

Git is not (originally) meant for synchronizing working copies but repositories that is Git's commits/branches/refs/etc.

What your want to do I would call a remote checkout. There is hundreds of other ways to do. I have two ideas: As you have setup an ssh-connection the big work is done:

1) use git and ssh

git push origin my_branch
ssh user@server "(cd remote-dir-where-your-repo-is; git checkout -f my_branch;)"

2) Use rsync

rsync -av . ssh://user@server/dir --exclude=.git