Create a lambda expression with a new anonymous ty

问题:

I want to invoke a method that expects a parameter like this:

Expression<Func<sometype, 'a>> expr

I need to construct this parameter at runtime, because I won't know what the anonymous type will look like before; it could have any amount of fields:

x => new { a=x.a, b=x.b, c=x.c, etc... }

I can create a type at runtime that has the same 'signature' (Is that the correct word for this?) as the desired anonymous type, but the question is: How do I construct this lambda expression at runtime from that? Especially Expression.New is bugging me, because I need to pass a constructorInfo to it that I have to get from an existing type (which can indeed be an anonymous type, but I can't create an anonymous type at runtime. Or is there a way to do that?).

Update (some context as requested in the comments)

The method I want to invoke is:

DependentNavigationPropertyConfiguration.HasForeignKey<TKey>(Expression<Func<TDependentEntityType, TKey>> foreignKeyExpression)

The reason I want to do this is to automatically make a navigation property to an entity that inherits from a certain base class include the key of that base class in the foreign key. Because an entity can have multiple key fields of any type, the type TKey is only known to me at runtime.

回答1:

Use a separate method:

public static void Main()
{
    var myExpression = Express(str => new { 
        String = str, 
        Length = str.Length 
    });

    // We can compile/use it as well...
    var compiledExpression = myExpression.Compile();
    var anonymousOutput = compiledExpression("Input String");

    Console.WriteLine(anonymousOutput.String); // Output: Input String
    Console.WriteLine(anonymousOutput.Length); // Output: 12

    Debug.WriteLine(myExpression); // Output: "str => new <>f__AnonymousType0`2(String = str, Length = str.Length)"
    Console.ReadLine();
}


static Expression<Func<String, T>> Express<T>(Expression<Func<String, T>> expression)
{
    return expression;
}

Note however, that the starting type (in my example String) must be known up front.

Update:

Since what it sounds like you're trying to do is dynamically create a type, I'll give you a simple example of how to do that.

public static void Main()
{
        // Create an anonymous type with two fields
    Type myAnonymousType = CreateNewType<String, Int32>();
    dynamic myAnon = Activator.CreateInstance(myAnonymousType);

    myAnon.FieldA = "A String";
    myAnon.FieldB = 1234;


    Console.WriteLine(myAnon.FieldA); // Output : "AString"
    Console.WriteLine(myAnon.FieldB); // Output : 1234
    Console.ReadLine();
}

public static Type CreateNewType<TFieldTypeA, TFieldTypeB>()
{
    // Let's start by creating a new assembly
    AssemblyName dynamicAssemblyName = new AssemblyName("MyAsm");
    AssemblyBuilder dynamicAssembly = AssemblyBuilder.DefineDynamicAssembly(dynamicAssemblyName, AssemblyBuilderAccess.Run);
    ModuleBuilder dynamicModule = dynamicAssembly.DefineDynamicModule("MyAsm");

    // Now let's build a new type
    TypeBuilder dynamicAnonymousType = dynamicModule.DefineType("MyAnon", TypeAttributes.Public);

    // Let's add some fields to the type.
    FieldInfo dynamicFieldA = dynamicAnonymousType.DefineField("FieldA", typeof(TFieldTypeA), FieldAttributes.Public);
    FieldInfo dynamicFieldB = dynamicAnonymousType.DefineField("FieldB", typeof(TFieldTypeB), FieldAttributes.Public);

    // Return the type to the caller
    return dynamicAnonymousType.CreateType();
}

As you can see, this is a little more complicated. If you want to study the topic further though, definitely reference Reflectoin.Emit.

回答2:

Anonymous types are a compiler feature. If you don't get the compiler to create them at compile-time, then you will have to use meta-programming - either TypeBuilder or maybe CSharpCodeProvider. You might be better off using tuples - at least they are easy to create (you can use Tuple.Create easily enough).

As for the expression; I would suggest typing it as Expression<Func<sometype, object>> - which will work for any formulation. The code inspecting the Expression can of course see what the actual type is.

回答3:

you can do simply like this

context.Students.Join(context.Courses, a => a.Course_id, b => b.Course_id, (a, b) => new { Student= a, Course= b }).Where(x => x.Student_id == studentId)
      .Select(y => new
      {
         StudentId = y.Student.StudentId,
         RegistrationNumber = y.Student.RegNo,
         Name = y.Student.Name,
         Coursename = y.Course.Name
      }).ToList();