新手，想，这里的Python程序员。 我有一个家庭作业（即我无法获得），和现在的下课，我感觉很舒服寻求帮助这里。 我还是很好奇这个错误，我在做什么错？我敢肯定，这涉及到如何在控制器和视图都称呼对方，但我这个错误是我无法理解。 我一直停留在这个约三天。 我真的可以使用帮助 - 因为我真的想了解Python和MVC。
请参阅下面的背景下屏幕帽。
错误：
Exception in Tkinter callback
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Python33\lib\tkinter\__init__.py", line 1482, in __call__
return self.func(*args)
TypeError: buttonPressed() missing 1 required positional argument: 'self'
VIEW：myFrame.py
"""writing event handlers"""
import tkinter
import glue
class MyFrame(tkinter.Frame): #creates window for controls in an object made
#from a class called "tkinter.Frame"
"""
Class myFrame is a tkinter.Frame...
It contains two buttons, two entry areas, and four labels:
one button a converter;
one button quits the program;
one entry is for celsius;
one entry is for fahrenheit;
and the labels prompt user for input, and label the entry values as needed.
"""
def __init__(self, controller):
"""
places the controls on the frame
"""
tkinter.Frame.__init__(self) #initilizes the superclass
self.pack() #required for the buttons to show up properly.
self.controller = glue.Controller #saves ref to controller to call methods on
#contoller object when user generates events
#Fahrenheit Input Prompt
self.fahrenheitLabel = tkinter.Label(self)
self.fahrenheitLabel["text"] = ("Enter Fahrenheit Value:")
self.fahrenheitLabel.pack({"side":"left"})
#Fahrenheit Entry Space
self.fahrenheitEntrySpace = tkinter.Entry(self)
self.fahrenheitEntrySpace == self.fahrenheitEntrySpace.insert(1, "0")
self.fahrenheitEntrySpace.pack({"side":"left"})
#Fahrenheit Value label
self.fahrenheitLabel = tkinter.Label(self)
self.fahrenheitLabel["text"] = ("Fahrenheit Degrees")
self.fahrenheitLabel.pack({"side":"left"})
#Converter button
self.convertButton=tkinter.Button(self)
self.convertButton["text"]= "Convert"
self.convertButton["command"]=self.controller.buttonPressed
# an object that remembers both self and reply when later called
self.convertButton.pack({"side":"left"})
#Quit button
self.quitButton = tkinter.Button(self)
self.quitButton["text"] = "Press\nhere to\n***QUIT***"
self.quitButton["command"] = self.quit
#the statement above attaches the event handler
#self.quit() to the quit button
self.quitButton.pack({"side":"right"})
#Celsius Value label
self.celsiusLabel = tkinter.Label(self)
self.celsiusLabel["text"] = ("Celsius Degrees")
self.celsiusLabel.pack({"side":"right"})
#Celsius Entry Space
self.celsiusEntrySpace = tkinter.Entry(self)
self.celsiusEntrySpace["text"] == self.celsiusEntrySpace.insert(1, "0")
self.celsiusEntrySpace.pack({"side":"right"})
#Celsius Input Prompt
self.celsiusLabel = tkinter.Label(self)
self.celsiusLabel["text"] = ("Enter Celsius Value:")
self.celsiusLabel.pack({"side":"right"})
#Test program
if __name__=="__main__":
root = tkinter.Tk()
view = MyFrame() #puts the frame onto the user's screen.
view.mainloop()
root.destroy()
MODEL：counter.py
import tkinter
class Convert: #the MODEL
'''
class counter is the MODEL for a simple program that exemplifies
the MODEL/VIEW/CONTROLLER architecture.
It mostly just maintains two formulas that convert Fahrenheit to Celsius
and Celsius to Fahrenheit each time the f2C() or c2F methods are called.
in a real MVC app, the MODEL would contain all the business logic.
Note that the model never contains a reference to the VIEW.
'''
def __init__(self):
self.fahrenheitEntrySpace = 0
self.celsiusEntrySpace = 0
def convertTempF2C(self):
fahrenheit = fahrenheitEntrySpace.get()
if fahrenheit != 0.0:
celsius = (fahrenheit - 32) * 5 / 9
else:
celsius = -17.7777778
def convertTempC2F(self):
celsius = celsiusEntrySpace.get()
if celsius != 0.0:
fahrenheit = (celsius * 9.0/5.0 + 32)
else:
fahrenheit = 32
def __str__(self):
return str(self.counter)
控制器： “glue.py”
import tkinter
import myFrame #the VIEW
import counter #the MODEL
class Controller:
"""
The CONTROLLER for an app that follows the MODEL/VIEW/CONTROLLER architecture.
When the user presses a button on the VIEW,
this controller calls the appropriate methods in the model.
The controller handles all the communication between the model and the view.
"""
def __init__(self):
"""
This starts the TK framework up;
instantiates the model;
instantiates the VIEW;
and states the event loop that waits for the user to press a button on the view
"""
root = tkinter.Tk() #This starts the TK framework up;
self.model = counter.Convert() #instantiates the model
self.view = myFrame.MyFrame(self) #instantiates the VIEW
self.view.mainloop() # states event loop waits for user to press button on view
root.destroy() #lets user quit
def buttonPressed(self):
"""
Convert F --> C
"""
self.model.convertTempF2C(self.view.fahrenheitEntrySpace.get)
#MODEL creates new celsius temp from(fahrenheit input)
self.view.celsiusEntrySpace.pop()
#replaces VIEW's old default celsius value
self.view.celsiusEntrySpace.insert(self.model.celsius)
#and insert's MODEL's newly converted (celsius) value
"""
Convert C --> F
"""
self.model.convertTempC2F(self.view.celsiusEntrySpace.get)
#MODEL creates new fahrenheit temp from (celsius input)
self.view.fahrenheitEntrySpace.pop()
#replaces VIEW's old default 0 fahrenheit value
self.view.fahrenheitEntrySpace.insert(self.model.fahrenheit)
#and insert's MODEL's newly converted (fahrenheit) value
if __name__=="__main__":
c = Controller()
屏幕帽
http://imgur.com/pAQc3Zw < -链接到屏幕帽（我不能发布的w / o 10的声誉。
编辑：固定自我裁判圈之后，我遇到了其他一些问题在这里看到： Python的MVC架构温度转换：为什么我会得到“NameError：全局名称‘视图’没有定义”
