我无法理解为什么我可以使用通配符有限像这样的,如果我没有(似乎)可以使任何(genericly类型的)使用它。
如果我在一个班有一个通配符场,我不能使用任何与实现的接口的泛型参数的方法(除非我提供null
作为参数)。
class SomeClass {}
class DerivedClass extends SomeClass {}
interface IInterf<T extends SomeClass> {
T returnsT();
void paramT(T parm);
T paramAndReturnT(T parm);
int nonGenericMethod(int x);
}
class Impl {
protected IInterf<?> field; //this is bound to <extends SomeClass>
//- it's implied by the definition
// of IInterf which is bound
// but what's the point?
public Impl(IInterf<? extends SomeClass> var){
field = var;
}
public void doSmth(){
SomeClass sc = field.returnsT(); //works
field.paramT(new SomeClass());
//error: method paramT in interface IInterf<T> cannot be applied to given types;
//required: CAP#1
//found: SomeClass
//reason: actual argument SomeClass cannot be converted to CAP#1 by method invocation conversion
//where T is a type-variable:
// T extends SomeClass declared in interface IInterf
//where CAP#1 is a fresh type-variable:
// CAP#1 extends SomeClass from capture of ?
field.paramT(null); //works
SomeClass sc2 = field.paramAndReturnT(new DerivedClass());
//error: method paramAndReturnT in interface IInterf<T> cannot be applied to given types;
// SomeClass sc2 = field.paramAndReturnT(new DerivedClass()); //required: CAP#1
//found: DerivedClass
//reason: actual argument DerivedClass cannot be converted to CAP#1 by method invocation conversion
//where T is a type-variable:
// T extends SomeClass declared in interface IInterf
//where CAP#1 is a fresh type-variable:
// CAP#1 extends SomeClass from capture of ?
//
int x = field.nonGenericMethod(5); //obviously works.
}
}
FWIW,我无法说服C#编译器接受类似的东西。
我缺少的东西吗?