SQLServer 条件查询语句大全

对于刚开始认识SQLServer数据库的小伙伴们来说添加一些条件查询是比较困难的，我整理了一份常用的条件查询语句供大家参考借鉴

一. 创建数据库

CREATE DATABASE Class
ON PRIMARY
(
NAME = 'Bank_db_data',
FILENAME = 'D:\DATA\Class_data.mdf',
SIZE = 5MB,
MAXSIZE = 50MB,
FILEGROWTH = 10%
)
LOG ON
(
NAME = 'Bank_db_log',
FILENAME = 'D:\DATA\Class_log.ldf',
SIZE = 1MB,
FILEGROWTH = 1MB
)

二. 在数据库中新建四个表（学生表，老师表，课程表，分数表）

use Class
go
create table student   --学生表
(
Sno varchar(20) not null primary key ,--学号
Sname varchar(20) not null,--姓名
Ssex varchar(20) not null, --性别
Sbirthday datetime,--出生年月
Class varchar(20)--班级
)
go
create table teacher--老师表
(
Tno varchar(20) not null primary key ,--编号（主键）
Tname varchar(20) not null,--姓名
Tsex varchar(20) not null, --性别
Tbirthday datetime,--出生年月
Prof varchar(20),--职位
Depart varchar(20) not null--所在部门
)
go
create table Course--课程表
(
Cno varchar(20) not null primary key ,--课程号
Cname varchar(20) not null,--课程名称
Tno varchar(20) not null references teacher(Tno), --老师编号（外键）
)
go
create table Score--分数
(
Sno varchar(20) not null references student(Sno), --学号（外键）
Cno varchar(20) not null references Course(Cno), --课程号（外键）
primary key(Sno,Cno),
Degree Decimal(4,1),--成绩
)

三. 在四个表中插入相关数据
表一 Student(学生表)

INSERT INTO Student VALUES('111','张三','男','1999-01-21','95034')
INSERT INTO Student VALUES('112','李四','男','1998-10-23','95033')
INSERT INTO Student VALUES('113','王五','女','1999-08-25','95032')
INSERT INTO Student VALUES('114','赵六','女','1999-09-18','95031')
INSERT INTO Student VALUES('115','王芳','女','1999-09-18','95031')

表二 Course课程表

INSERT INTO Course VALUES('3-105','计算机导论','825')
INSERT INTO Course VALUES('3-245','操作系统','804')
INSERT INTO Course VALUES('3-166','数字电路','856')
INSERT INTO Course VALUES('9-888','高等数学','831')

表三 Score 分数表

INSERT INTO Score VALUES('103','3-245','89')
INSERT INTO Score VALUES('105','3-245','90')
INSERT INTO Score VALUES('108','3-245','81')
INSERT INTO Score VALUES('107','3-245','54')
INSERT INTO Score VALUES('106','3-245','63')
INSERT INTO Score VALUES('104','3-245','98')

表四 Teacher 老师表

INSERT INTO Teacher VALUES('804','李成','男','1958-12-02','副教授','计算机系')
INSERT INTO Teacher VALUES('856','张旭','男','1969-03-12','讲师','电子工程系')
INSERT INTO Teacher VALUES('825','王萍','女','1972-05-05','助教','计算机系')
INSERT INTO Teacher VALUES('831','刘冰','女','1977-08-14','助教','电子工程系')

常用查询语句大全：

1、 查询Student表中的所有记录的Sname、Ssex和Class列。

select Sname,Ssex,Class from student

2、 查询教师所有的单位即不重复的Depart列。

select distinct depart from teacher

3、 查询Student表的所有记录。

select * from student

4、 查询Score表中成绩在60到80之间的所有记录。

select * from score where degree between 60 and 80

5、 查询Score表中成绩为85，86或88的记录。

select * from score where degree in(85,86,88)

6、 查询Student表中“95031”班或性别为“女”的同学记录。

select * from student where class='95031' or Ssex='女'

7、 以Class降序查询Student表的所有记录。

select * from student order by class desc

8、 以Cno升序、Degree降序查询Score表的所有记录。

select * from score order by cno,degree desc 

9、 查询“95031”班的学生人数。

select count(*) from student where class='95031'

10、 查询Score表中的最高分的学生学号和课程号。（子查询或者排序）

select sno,cno from score where degree =(select max(degree) from score)

11、 查询每门课的平均成绩。

select cno,avg(degree) from score group by cno

12、查询Score表中至少有5名学生选修的并以3开头的课程的平均分数。

select avg(degree) from score where cno like'3%' group by cno having count(*)>=5
select avg(degree) from score group by cno having count(*)>=5 and  cno like'3%'
select avg(degree) from score where cno like'3%' group by cno having count(*)>=5
select avg(degree) from score group by cno having count(*)>=5 and  cno like'3%'

13、查询分数大于70，小于90的Sno列。

select sno from score where degree>70 and degree<90

14、查询所有学生的Sname、Cno和Degree列。

select sname,cno,degree from score join student on score.sno = student.sno

15、查询所有学生的Sno、Cname和Degree列。

select sno,cname,degree from score join course on score.cno=course.cno

16、查询所有学生的Sname、Cname和Degree列。

select sname,cname,degree from score join student on student.sno=score.sno join course on score.cno = course.cno
select sname,cname,degree from score,student,course where student.sno=score.sno and score.cno = course.cno

17、 查询“95033”班学生的平均分。

select avg(degree) from score where sno in(select sno from student where class='95033')

18、 假设使用如下命令建立了一个grade表：

create table grade(low  int(3),upp  int(3),rank  char(1))
insert into grade values(90,100,’A’)
insert into grade values(80,89,’B’)
insert into grade values(70,79,’C’)
insert into grade values(60,69,’D’)
insert into grade values(0,59,’E’)

现查询所有同学的Sno、Cno和rank列。

select sno,cno,rank from score,grade where degree between low and upp

19、 查询选修“3-105”课程的成绩高于“109”号同学成绩的所有同学的记录。

select * from score where cno='3-105' and degree>(select degree from score where sno='109' and cno='3-105')
select * from score where cno='3-105' and degree>(select max(degree) from score where sno='109')

20、查询score中选学多门课程的同学中分数为非最高分成绩的记录。

select * from score a where sno in (select sno from score group by sno having count(*)>1) and degree <(select max(degree) from score b where b.cno=a.cno)

21、查询成绩高于学号为“109”、课程号为“3-105”的成绩的所有记录。

select * from score where degree>(select degree from score where sno='109' and cno='3-105')

22、查询和学号为108的同学同年出生的所有学生的Sno、Sname和Sbirthday列。

select * from student where YEAR(sbirthday) = (select YEAR(sbirthday) from student where sno='108')

23、查询“张旭“教师任课的学生成绩。

select * from score where cno in(select cno from course where tno in(select tno from teacher where tname='张旭'))

24、查询选修某课程的同学人数多于5人的教师姓名。

select tname from teacher where tno in(select tno from course where cno in(select cno from score group by cno having count(*)>=5))

25、查询95033班和95031班全体学生的记录。

select * from student where class in('95033','95031')

26、 查询存在有85分以上成绩的课程Cno.

select distinct cno from score where degree>85

27、查询出“计算机系“教师所教课程的成绩表。

select * from score where cno in(select cno from course where tno in(select tno from teacher where depart='计算机系'))

28、查询“计算机系”与“电子工程系“不同职称的教师的Tname和Prof。

select tname,prof from teacher where depart='计算机系' and prof not in(select prof from teacher where depart='电子工程系')union
select tname,prof from teacher where depart='电子工程系' and prof not in(select prof from teacher where depart='计算机系')
select tname,prof from teacher a where prof not in(select prof from teacher b where b.depart != a.depart)

29、查询选修编号为“3-105“课程且成绩至少高于选修编号为“3-245”的同学的Cno、Sno和Degree,并按Degree从高到低次序排序。

select * from score where cno='3-105' and degree>any(select degree from score where cno='3-245')

30、查询选修编号为“3-105”且成绩高于选修编号为“3-245”课程的同学的Cno、Sno和Degree.

select * from score where cno='3-105' and degree>any(select degree from score where cno='3-245')

31、 查询所有教师和同学的name、sex和birthday.

select sname,ssex,sbirthday from student
union
select tname,tsex,tbirthday from teacher

32、查询所有“女”教师和“女”同学的name、sex和birthday.

select sname,ssex,sbirthday from student where ssex='女'
union
select tname,tsex,tbirthday from teacher where tsex='女'

33、 查询成绩比该课程平均成绩低的同学的成绩表。

select * from score a where degree<(select avg(degree) from score b where b.cno=a.cno)

34、 查询所有任课教师的Tname和Depart.

select tname,depart from teacher where tno in(select tno from course where cno in (select distinct cno from score))

35 、 查询所有未讲课的教师的Tname和Depart.

select tname,depart from teacher where tno not in(select tno from course where cno in (select distinct cno from score))

36、查询至少有2名男生的班号。

select class from student where ssex='男' group by class having count(*) >1

37、查询Student表中不姓“王”的同学记录。

select * from student where sname not like '王%'

38、查询Student表中每个学生的姓名和年龄。

select sname,YEAR(getdate())-YEAR(sbirthday) from student

39、查询Student表中最大和最小的Sbirthday日期值。

select max(sbirthday),min(sbirthday) from student

40、以班号和年龄从大到小的顺序查询Student表中的全部记录。

select * from student order by class desc,sbirthday asc

41、查询“男”教师及其所上的课程。

elect cname from course where tno in(select tno from teacher where tsex='男')
select tname,cname from course,teacher where course.tno = teacher.tno and teacher.tsex='男'

42、查询最高分同学的Sno、Cno和Degree列。

select * from score where degree = (select max(degree) from score)
select top 1 * from score order by degree desc

43、查询和“李军”同性别的所有同学的Sname.

select sname from student where ssex=(select ssex from student where sname='李军')

44、查询和“李军”同性别并同班的同学Sname.

select sname from student where ssex=(select ssex from student where sname='李军') and class = (select class from student where sname='李军')

45、查询所有选修“计算机导论”课程的“男”同学的成绩表。

select * from score where sno in(select sno from student where ssex='男') and cno in(select cno from course where cname='计算机导论')

希望上述语句能有助于你更好的学习SQLServer数据库！！！