我有类似以下内容的文件
Boy,Football
Boy,Football
Boy,Football
Boy,Squash
Boy,Tennis
Boy,Football
Girl,Tennis
Girl,Squash
Girl,Tennis
Girl,Tennis
Boy,Football
我如何使用“AWK”或类似的重新安排这下面:
Football Tennis Squash
Boy 5 1 1
Girl 0 3 1
我甚至不知道这是可能的,但任何帮助将是巨大的。
我只想循环正常:
awk -F, -v OFS="\t" '
{names[$1]; sport[$2]; count[$1,$2]++}
END{printf "%s", OFS;
for (i in sport)
printf "%s%s", i, OFS;
print "";
for (n in names) {
printf "%s%s", n, OFS
for (s in sport)
printf "%s%s", count[n,s]?count[n,s]:0, OFS; print ""
}
}' file
此跟踪三个阵列: names[]
为第一列, sport[]
对于第二列和count[name,sport]
计数每一个组合的出现。
然后,它是通过循环的结果并以奇特的方式印制和确保的事情0
,如果是打印count[a,b]
不存在。
测试
$ awk -F, -v OFS="\t" '{names[$1]; sport[$2]; count[$1,$2]++} END{printf "%s", OFS; for (i in sport) printf "%s%s", i, OFS; print ""; for (n in names) {printf "%s%s", n, OFS; for (s in sport) printf "%s%s", count[n,s]?count[n,s]:0, OFS; print ""}}' a
Squash Tennis Football
Boy 1 1 5
Girl 1 3 0
格式是有点难看,也有一些尾随OFS。
为了摆脱尾随OFS的:
awk -F, -v OFS="\t" '{names[$1]; sport[$2]; count[$1,$2]++} END{printf "%s", OFS; for (i in sport) {cn++; printf "%s%s", i, (cn<length(sport)?OFS:ORS)} for (n in names) {cs=0; printf "%s%s", n, OFS; for (s in sport) {cs++; printf "%s%s", count[n,s]?count[n,s]:0, (cs<length(sport)?OFS:ORS)}}}' a
您可以随时管道column -t
一个不错的输出。
$ cat tst.awk
BEGIN{ FS=","; OFS="\t" }
{
genders[$1]
sports[$2]
count[$1,$2]++
}
END {
printf ""
for (sport in sports) {
printf "%s%s", OFS, sport
}
print ""
for (gender in genders) {
printf "%s", gender
for (sport in sports) {
printf "%s%s", OFS, count[gender,sport]+0
}
print ""
}
}
$ awk -f tst.awk file
Squash Tennis Football
Boy 1 1 5
Girl 1 3 0
一般来说,当你知道你把OFS或ORS每个字段后循环的终点:
for (i=1; i<=n; i++) {
printf "%s%s", $i, (i<n?OFS:ORS)
}
但如果你没有,那么你把OFS第二和随后的场之前并打印循环之后的ORS:
for (x in array) {
printf "%s%s", (++i>1?OFS:""), array[x]
}
print ""
我喜欢的:
n = length(array)
for (x in array) {
printf "%s%s", array[x], (++i<n?OFS:ORS)
}
想法得到循环结束了,但是length(array)
是呆子特定的。
另一种方法来考虑:
$ cat tst.awk
BEGIN{ FS=","; OFS="\t" }
{
for (i=1; i<=NF; i++) {
if (!seen[i,$i]++) {
map[i,++num[i]] = $i
}
}
count[$1,$2]++
}
END {
for (i=0; i<=num[2]; i++) {
printf "%s%s", map[2,i], (i<num[2]?OFS:ORS)
}
for (i=1; i<=num[1]; i++) {
printf "%s%s", map[1,i], OFS
for (j=1; j<=num[2]; j++) {
printf "%s%s", count[map[1,i],map[2,j]]+0, (j<num[2]?OFS:ORS)
}
}
}
$ awk -f tst.awk file
Football Squash Tennis
Boy 5 1 1
Girl 0 1 3
这最后将打印在他们阅读的顺序的行和列。 不是很明显它是如何工作的,虽然:-)。