序言路回溯运行永远取决于网格大小(Prolog path backtracking runs for

2019-09-28 14:00发布

我已经写了一些代码,做的Prolog回溯产生的所有可能的路径,从最初的一个(代理)到达黄金细胞。 getAllPaths的输入是在地图大小为NxN。 当我和6×6地图它完美和打印所有可能的路径,但是,当运行它我输入任何地图大小> = 7它打印所述第一路径,并且当我需要与下一个可能的解决方案被卡在那里; 。 这里是我的代码:

gold(3, 3).
agent(1, 1).

getAllPaths(MS) :-
    agent(X, Y),
    assertz(worldSize(MS)),
    getAllPathsRec(X, Y, [], []).

% Positions, Visited list, and Path list
getAllPathsRec(X, Y, V, L) :-
    \+member((X, Y), V), append(V, [(X, Y)], VP),
    ((gold(X, Y), print(L)) ; move(X, Y, VP, L)).

% Left
move(X, Y, V, L) :-
    XP is X - 1, XP > 0,
    append(L, [l], LP),
    getAllPathsRec(XP, Y, V, LP).

% Right
move(X, Y, V, L) :-
    XP is X + 1, worldSize(MS), XP =< MS,
    append(L, [r], LP),
    getAllPathsRec(XP, Y, V, LP).

% Up
move(X, Y, V, L) :-
    YP is Y + 1, worldSize(MS), YP =< MS,
    append(L, [u], LP),
    getAllPathsRec(X, YP, V, LP).

% Down
move(X, Y, V, L) :-
    YP is Y - 1, YP > 0,
    append(L, [d], LP),
    getAllPathsRec(X, YP, V, LP).

输出:

?- getAllPaths(6).
[r,r,r,r,r,u,l,l,l,l,l,u,r,r]
true ;
[r,r,r,r,r,u,l,l,l,l,l,u,r,u,l,u,r,r,r,r,r,d,l,l,l,d]
true ;
[r,r,r,r,r,u,l,l,l,l,l,u,r,u,l,u,r,r,r,r,r,d,l,l,d,l]
true ;
[...]
?- getAllPaths(7).
[r,r,r,r,r,r,u,l,l,l,l,l,l,u,r,r]
true ;
% It gets stuck here forever...

首先,我认为这将是对于一些深度递归的限制,但它是如此奇怪,因为地图尺寸仅增加36至49,我可能会得到一些警告或错误,但它不显示任何内容。 任何线索?

Answer 1:

这是我的变化。

getAllPaths_01(MS, R) :-
    agent(X, Y),
    getAllPathsRec_01(MS, X, Y, [], R).

getAllPathsRec_01(_MS, X, Y, _V, []) :-
  gold(X,Y), !.

% Positions, Visited list, and Path list
getAllPathsRec_01(MS, X, Y, V, R) :-
    \+ memberchk((X, Y), V),
    move_01(MS, X, Y, [(X, Y)|V], R).

% Left
move_01(MS, X, Y, V, [l|R]) :-
    XP is X - 1, XP > 0,
    getAllPathsRec_01(MS, XP, Y, V, R).

% Right
move_01(MS, X, Y, V, [r|R]) :-
    XP is X + 1, XP =< MS,
    getAllPathsRec_01(MS, XP, Y, V, R).

% Up
move_01(MS, X, Y, V, [u|R]) :-
    YP is Y + 1, YP =< MS,
    getAllPathsRec_01(MS, X, YP, V, R).

% Down
move_01(MS, X, Y, V, [d|R]) :-
    YP is Y - 1, YP > 0,
    getAllPathsRec_01(MS, X, YP, V, R).

count(S,N) :-
  bagof(L,getAllPaths_01(S,L),Ls),
  length(Ls,N).

这消除了使用assertz / 1 ,以便重新运行查询不添加多个事实,改变构件/ 2到memerchk / 2为效率,在回溯以避免构建路径附加/ 3 ,并增加了一个切口,以除去重复的答案。

由于结果返回到顶级,加计数/ 2,显示计数,而不是名单。

?- count(3,N).
N = 12.

?- count(4,N).
N = 132.

?- count(5,N).
N = 6762.

?- count(6,N).
N = 910480


Answer 2:

此代码提高性能。 我认为这是一个不好的设计混合搜索和结果的打印。

gold(3, 3).
agent(1, 1).

getAllPaths(MS, L) :-
    agent(X, Y),
    retractall(worldSize(_)),
    assertz(worldSize(MS)),
    getAllPathsRec(X, Y, [], [], L).


% Positions, Visited list, and Path list
getAllPathsRec(X, Y, _V, L, NL) :-
    gold(X, Y),
    reverse(L, NL).


% Positions, Visited list, and Path list
getAllPathsRec(X, Y, V, CL, L) :-
    \+member((X, Y), V),

    % useless 
    % append(V, [(X, Y)], VP),

    move(X, Y, CL, NX, NY, NL),

    % No need to use append to build the list of visited nodes
    getAllPathsRec(NX, NY, [(X,Y) | V], NL, L).

% Left
move(X, Y, L, NX, Y, [l|L]) :-
    X > 1 ,NX is X - 1.

% Right
move(X, Y, L, NX, Y, [r|L]) :-
    worldSize(MS), X < MS,NX is X + 1.

% Up
move(X, Y, L, X, NY, [u|L]) :-
    worldSize(MS), Y < MS, NY is Y + 1.

% Down
move(X, Y, L, X, NY, [d|L]) :-
    Y > 1, NY is Y - 1.

我得到:

?- getAllPaths(7, V), writeln(V).
[r,r,r,r,r,r,u,l,l,l,l,l,l,u,r,r]
V = [r, r, r, r, r, r, u, l, l|...] ;
[r,r,r,r,r,r,u,l,l,l,l,l,l,u,r,r,r,l]
V = [r, r, r, r, r, r, u, l, l|...] ;
 [r,r,r,r,r,r,u,l,l,l,l,l,l,u,r,r,r,r,r,r,u,l,l,l,l,d]
V = [r, r, r, r, r, r, u, l, l|...] ;
[r,r,r,r,r,r,u,l,l,l,l,l,l,u,r,r,r,r,r,r,u,l,l,l,u,l,l,l,d,r,r,d]
V = [r, r, r, r, r, r, u, l, l|...] ;
[r,r,r,r,r,r,u,l,l,l,l,l,l,u,r,r,r,r,r,r,u,l,l,l,u,l,l,u,l,d,d,r,r,d]
V = [r, r, r, r, r, r, u, l, l|...] ;
[r,r,r,r,r,r,u,l,l,l,l,l,l,u,r,r,r,r,r,r,u,l,l,l,u,l,l,u,r,r,r,r,r,u,l,l,l,l,l,l,d,d,d,r,r,d]
V = [r, r, r, r, r, r, u, l, l|...] ;
[r,r,r,r,r,r,u,l,l,l,l,l,l,u,r,r,r,r,r,r,u,l,l,l,u,l,l,u,r,r,r,r,u,l,l,l,l,l,d,d,d,r,r,d]
V = [r, r, r, r, r, r, u, l, l|...] ;
[r,r,r,r,r,r,u,l,l,l,l,l,l,u,r,r,r,r,r,r,u,l,l,l,u,l,l,u,r,r,r,r,d,r,u,u,l,l,l,l,l,l,d,d,d,r,r,d]
V = [r, r, r, r, r, r, u, l, l|...] .


文章来源: Prolog path backtracking runs forever depending on grid size