获得原始类型此对象的(getting original type of this object)

2019-09-28 04:12发布

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我试图用元编程来防止重复代码父子结构。 我得到它的工作达到一定点。

在底部的编译器和欠幅正确地显示的代码，但有些关系（ /*Tree_tag,*/和/*Parasite_tag*/ ）的注释。 如果取消注释，MSVS2017节目 

error C2664: 'void Obj<std::tuple<Human_tag>,std::tuple<>>::removeParent(const Obj<std::tuple<>,std::tuple<Tree_tag,Dog_tag>> *const )': cannot convert argument 1 from 'Obj<std::tuple<>,std::tuple<Dog_tag>> *' to 'const Obj<std::tuple<>,std::tuple<Tree_tag,Dog_tag>> *const '
note: Types pointed to are unrelated; conversion requires reinterpret_cast, C-style cast or function-style cast

和G ++节目

In instantiation of ‘void Obj<std::tuple<>, std::tuple<_El0, _El ...> ::removeAllChildren() [with TChildTag = Dog_tag; TChildTags = {}]’:
Main.cpp:126:1:   required from here
Main.cpp:73:43: error: invalid conversion from ‘Obj<std::tuple<>, std::tuple<Dog_tag> >*’ to ‘const TParent* {aka const Obj<std::tuple<>, std::tuple<Tree_tag, Dog_tag> >*}’ [-fpermissive]
    for (auto&& child : childrenPtrs) child->removeParent(this);

问题是与this类型限定。 因为我反复地脱掉模板参数与实例 

class Obj<std::tuple<>, std::tuple<TChildTag, TChildTags...>>
: public Obj<std::tuple<>, std::tuple<TChildTags...>>

所得this基类型的不匹配的原始类型。 像错误所示：原始类型的Human = Obj<std::tuple<>,std::tuple<Tree_tag,Dog_tag>> 。 然而，由于迭代剥离的类型， this在基是Obj<std::tuple<>,std::tuple<Dog_tag>> 。

我试图用reinterpret_cast的建议： 

template<typename T>
void addParent(T* const parentPtr) {
    parentsPtrs.push_back(reinterpret_cast<TParent* const>(parentPtr));
}
template<typename T>
void removeParent(T const* const parentPtr) {
    auto it = std::find(std::cbegin(parentsPtrs), std::cend(parentsPtrs),
        reinterpret_cast<TParent const* const>(parentPtr));
    if (it != std::cend(parentsPtrs)) parentsPtrs.erase(it);
}

但问题是， 一切都被转换为允许的参数。 即此代码的工作： 

int main() {
    Human h1;
    Parasite p1;
    addRelation(&h1, &p1);
}

......这不应该是可能的，因为Human和Parasite并没有直接关系。

所以，我该如何正确保持this顶部（最衍生物）类的类型限定，符合以Human ， Dog等类型？

工作代码（带注释）： 

#include <tuple>
#include <vector>

template<class T>
using prtVector = std::vector<T*>;

class BaseObject {
public:
    virtual prtVector<BaseObject> getAllParents() const = 0;
    virtual prtVector<BaseObject> getAllChildren() const = 0;
    virtual void removeAllParents() = 0;
    virtual void removeAllChildren() = 0;
};

template<typename TParentTuple, typename TChilderenTuple>
class Obj;

template<typename TParentTag, typename... TParentTags, typename... TChildTags>
class Obj<std::tuple<TParentTag, TParentTags...>, std::tuple<TChildTags...>>
    : public Obj<std::tuple<TParentTags...>, std::tuple<TChildTags...>>
{
    using TParent = typename TParentTag::obj_type;
    prtVector<TParent> parentsPtrs;
public:
    void addParent(TParent* const parentPtr) { parentsPtrs.push_back(parentPtr); }
    void removeParent(TParent const* const parentPtr) {
        auto it = std::find(std::cbegin(parentsPtrs), std::cend(parentsPtrs), parentPtr);
        if (it != std::cend(parentsPtrs)) parentsPtrs.erase(it);
    }

    virtual prtVector<BaseObject> getAllParents() const override {
        auto result = Obj<std::tuple<TParentTags...>, std::tuple<TChildTags...>>::getAllParents();
        result.insert(std::begin(result), std::cbegin(parentsPtrs), std::cend(parentsPtrs));
        return result;
    }
    virtual prtVector<BaseObject> getAllChildren() const override {
        return Obj<std::tuple<TParentTags...>, std::tuple<TChildTags...>>::getAllChildren();
    }
    virtual void removeAllParents() override {
        Obj<std::tuple<TParentTags...>, std::tuple<TChildTags...>>::removeAllParents();
        for (auto&& parent : parentsPtrs) parent->removeChild(this);
    }
    virtual void removeAllChildren() override {
        Obj<std::tuple<TParentTags...>, std::tuple<TChildTags...>>::removeAllChildren();
    }
};

template<typename TChildTag, typename... TChildTags>
class Obj<std::tuple<>, std::tuple<TChildTag, TChildTags...>>
    : public Obj<std::tuple<>, std::tuple<TChildTags...>>
{
    using TChild = typename TChildTag::obj_type;
    prtVector<TChild> childrenPtrs;
public:
    void addChild(TChild* const childPtr) { childrenPtrs.push_back(childPtr); }
    void removeChild(TChild const* const childPtr) {
        auto it = std::find(std::cbegin(childrenPtrs), std::cend(childrenPtrs), childPtr);
        if (it != std::cend(childrenPtrs)) childrenPtrs.erase(it);
    }

    virtual prtVector<BaseObject> getAllParents() const override {
        return Obj<std::tuple<>, std::tuple<TChildTags...>>::getAllChildren();
    }
    virtual prtVector<BaseObject> getAllChildren() const override {
        auto result = Obj<std::tuple<>, std::tuple<TChildTags...>>::getAllChildren();
        result.insert(std::begin(result), std::cbegin(childrenPtrs), std::cend(childrenPtrs));
        return result;
    }
    virtual void removeAllParents() override {}
    virtual void removeAllChildren() override {
        Obj<std::tuple<>, std::tuple<TChildTags...>>::removeAllChildren();
        for (auto&& child : childrenPtrs) child->removeParent(this);
    }
};

template<>
class Obj<std::tuple<>, std::tuple<>> : public BaseObject {
public:
    virtual prtVector<BaseObject> getAllParents() const override {
        return prtVector<BaseObject>();
    }
    virtual prtVector<BaseObject> getAllChildren() const override {
        return prtVector<BaseObject>();
    }
    virtual void removeAllParents() override {}
    virtual void removeAllChildren() override {}
};

struct Human_tag;
struct Tree_tag;
struct Dog_tag;
struct Parasite_tag;

using Human = Obj<std::tuple<>, std::tuple</*Tree_tag,*/ Dog_tag>>;
using Tree = Obj<std::tuple<Human_tag>, std::tuple<>>;
using Dog = Obj<std::tuple<Human_tag>, std::tuple</*Parasite_tag*/>>;
using Parasite = Obj<std::tuple<Dog_tag>, std::tuple<>>;

struct Human_tag { using obj_type = Human; };
struct Tree_tag { using obj_type = Tree; };
struct Dog_tag { using obj_type = Dog; };
struct Parasite_tag { using obj_type = Parasite; };

template<class A, class B>
void addRelation(A* a, B* b)
{
    a->addChild(b);
    b->addParent(a);
}

#include <iostream>
int main() {
    Human h1;
    Dog d1, d2;

    addRelation(&h1, &d1);
    addRelation(&h1, &d2);
    auto result = h1.getAllChildren();
    std::cout << result.size() << "\n"; //print 2
    d1.removeAllParents();
    result = h1.getAllChildren();
    std::cout << result.size() << "\n"; //print 1

    std::cin.ignore();
}

Answer 1:

随着C ++ 17，你可以这样做（不投）： 

template<typename TParentTuple, typename TChilderenTuple>
class Obj;

template<typename... ParentTags,
         typename... ChildTags>
class Obj<std::tuple<ParentTags...>, std::tuple<ChildTags...>> : public BaseObject
{
    std::tuple<std::vector<typename ParentTags::obj_type*>...> parents;
    std::tuple<std::vector<typename ChildTags::obj_type*>...> children;

public:

    template <typename T>
    void addParent(T* parent) { std::get<std::vector<T*>>(parents).push_back(parent); }

    template <typename T>
    void removeParent(const T* parent) {
        auto& v = std::get<std::vector<T*>>(parents);
        auto it = std::find(std::cbegin(v), std::cend(v), parent);
        if (it != std::cend(v)) { v.erase(it); }
    }

    template <typename T>
    void addChild(T* child) { std::get<std::vector<T*>>(children).push_back(child); }

    template <typename T>
    void removeChild(const T* child) {
        auto& v = std::get<std::vector<T*>>(children);
        auto it = std::find(std::cbegin(v), std::cend(v), child);
        if (it != std::cend(v)) { v.erase(it); }
    }

    std::vector<BaseObject*> getAllParents() const override {
        std::vector<BaseObject*> res;

        std::apply([&](auto&... v){ (res.insert(res.end(), v.begin(), v.end()), ...); },
                   parents);
        return res;
    }
    std::vector<BaseObject*> getAllChildren() const override {
        std::vector<BaseObject*> res;

        std::apply([&](auto&... v){ (res.insert(res.end(), v.begin(), v.end()), ...); },
                   children);
        return res;
    }

    void removeAllParents() override {
        std::apply(
            [this](auto&... v)
            {
                [[maybe_unused]] auto clean = [this](auto& v) {
                    for (auto* parent : v) {
                        parent->removeChild(this);
                    }
                    v.clear();
                };
                (clean(v), ...);
            },
            parents);
    }

    void removeAllChildren() override {
        std::apply(
            [this](auto&... v)
            {
                [[maybe_unused]] auto clean = [this](auto& v) {
                    for (auto* child : v) {
                        child->removeParent(this);
                    }
                    v.clear();
                };
                ( clean(v), ...);
            },
            children);
    }
};

演示

用C ++ 14，那将是更详细取代“for_each_tuple”与完成std::apply和折叠的表达。

和在C ++ 11，甚至更用std::get<T>(tuple) 。



Answer 2:

好了，我想了很多关于这一点，并决定将原来的类型添加另一个模板参数。 所以类签名会是这样的： 

template<typename TOwnTag, typename TParentTag, typename... TParentTags, typename... TChildTags>
class Obj<TOwnTag, std::tuple<TParentTag, TParentTags...>, std::tuple<TChildTags...>>
    : public Obj<TOwnTag, std::tuple<TParentTags...>, std::tuple<TChildTags...>>
{
    using TOwn = typename TOwnTag::obj_type;

这似乎解决我的问题，因为我现在可以使用

reinterpret_cast<TOwn* const>(this)

然后，完整的工作代码变为： 

#include <tuple>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>

template<class T>
using prtVector = std::vector<T*>;

class BaseObject {
public:
    virtual prtVector<BaseObject> getAllParents() const = 0;
    virtual prtVector<BaseObject> getAllChildren() const = 0;
    virtual void removeAllParents() = 0;
    virtual void removeAllChildren() = 0;
};

template<typename TOwnTag, typename TParentTuple, typename TChilderenTuple>
class Obj;

template<typename TOwnTag, typename TParentTag, typename... TParentTags, typename... TChildTags>
class Obj<TOwnTag, std::tuple<TParentTag, TParentTags...>, std::tuple<TChildTags...>>
    : public Obj<TOwnTag, std::tuple<TParentTags...>, std::tuple<TChildTags...>>
{
    using TOwn = typename TOwnTag::obj_type;
    using TParent = typename TParentTag::obj_type;
    prtVector<TParent> parentsPtrs;
public:
    //prevent base function hiding
    using Obj<TOwnTag, std::tuple<TParentTags...>, std::tuple<TChildTags...>>::addParent;
    using Obj<TOwnTag, std::tuple<TParentTags...>, std::tuple<TChildTags...>>::removeParent;

    void addParent(TParent* const parentPtr) { parentsPtrs.push_back(parentPtr); }
    void removeParent(TParent const* const parentPtr) {
        auto it = std::find(std::cbegin(parentsPtrs), std::cend(parentsPtrs), parentPtr);
        if (it != std::cend(parentsPtrs)) parentsPtrs.erase(it);
    }

    virtual prtVector<BaseObject> getAllParents() const override {
        auto result = Obj<TOwnTag, std::tuple<TParentTags...>, std::tuple<TChildTags...>>::getAllParents();
        result.insert(std::begin(result), std::cbegin(parentsPtrs), std::cend(parentsPtrs));
        return result;
    }
    virtual prtVector<BaseObject> getAllChildren() const override {
        return Obj<TOwnTag, std::tuple<TParentTags...>, std::tuple<TChildTags...>>::getAllChildren();
    }
    virtual void removeAllParents() override {
        Obj<TOwnTag, std::tuple<TParentTags...>, std::tuple<TChildTags...>>::removeAllParents();
        for (auto&& parent : parentsPtrs) parent->removeChild(reinterpret_cast<TOwn* const>(this));
    }
    virtual void removeAllChildren() override {
        Obj<TOwnTag, std::tuple<TParentTags...>, std::tuple<TChildTags...>>::removeAllChildren();
    }
};

template<typename TOwnTag, typename TChildTag, typename... TChildTags>
class Obj<TOwnTag, std::tuple<>, std::tuple<TChildTag, TChildTags...>>
    : public Obj<TOwnTag, std::tuple<>, std::tuple<TChildTags...>>
{
    using TOwn = typename TOwnTag::obj_type;
    using TChild = typename TChildTag::obj_type;
    prtVector<TChild> childrenPtrs;
public:
    void addParent() {}
    void removeParent() {}
    //prevent base function hiding
    using Obj<TOwnTag, std::tuple<>, std::tuple<TChildTags...>>::addChild;
    using Obj<TOwnTag, std::tuple<>, std::tuple<TChildTags...>>::removeChild;

    void addChild(TChild* const childPtr) { childrenPtrs.push_back(childPtr); }
    void removeChild(TChild const* const childPtr) {
        auto it = std::find(std::cbegin(childrenPtrs), std::cend(childrenPtrs), childPtr);
        if (it != std::cend(childrenPtrs)) childrenPtrs.erase(it);
    }

    virtual prtVector<BaseObject> getAllParents() const override {
        return Obj<TOwnTag, std::tuple<>, std::tuple<TChildTags...>>::getAllParents();
    }
    virtual prtVector<BaseObject> getAllChildren() const override {
        auto result = Obj<TOwnTag, std::tuple<>, std::tuple<TChildTags...>>::getAllChildren();
        result.insert(std::begin(result), std::cbegin(childrenPtrs), std::cend(childrenPtrs));
        return result;
    }
    virtual void removeAllParents() override {}
    virtual void removeAllChildren() override {
        Obj<TOwnTag, std::tuple<>, std::tuple<TChildTags...>>::removeAllChildren();
        for (auto&& child : childrenPtrs) child->removeParent(reinterpret_cast<TOwn* const>(this));
    }
};

template<typename TOwnTag>
class Obj<TOwnTag, std::tuple<>, std::tuple<>> : public BaseObject {
public:
    void addChild() {}
    void removeChild() {}
    void addParent() {}
    void removeParent() {}
    //
    virtual prtVector<BaseObject> getAllParents() const override {
        return prtVector<BaseObject>();
    }
    virtual prtVector<BaseObject> getAllChildren() const override {
        return prtVector<BaseObject>();
    }
    virtual void removeAllParents() override {}
    virtual void removeAllChildren() override {}
};

struct Human_tag;
struct Tree_tag;
struct Dog_tag;
struct Parasite_tag;

using Human = Obj<Human_tag, std::tuple<>, std::tuple<Tree_tag, Dog_tag>>;
using Tree = Obj<Tree_tag, std::tuple<Human_tag>, std::tuple<>>;
using Dog = Obj<Dog_tag, std::tuple<Human_tag>, std::tuple<Parasite_tag>>;
using Parasite = Obj<Parasite_tag, std::tuple<Dog_tag>, std::tuple<>>;

struct Human_tag { using obj_type = Human; };
struct Tree_tag { using obj_type = Tree; };
struct Dog_tag { using obj_type = Dog; };
struct Parasite_tag { using obj_type = Parasite; };

template<class A, class B>
void addRelation(A* const a, B* const b)
{
    a->addChild(b);
    b->addParent(a);
}

#include <iostream>
int main() {
    Human h1;
    Dog d1, d2;
    //Parasite p1;

    addRelation(&h1, &d1);
    addRelation(&h1, &d2);
    //addRelation(&h1, &p1); // compiler error
    auto result = h1.getAllChildren();
    std::cout << result.size() << "\n"; //print 2
    d1.removeAllParents();
    result = h1.getAllChildren();
    std::cout << result.size() << "\n"; //print 1

    std::cin.ignore();
}

活生生的例子



文章来源: getting original type of this object
标签： c++ parent-child metaprogramming variadic-templates
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