C++ Help finding the max value in a map

问题:

I've been doing a basic program to find the max, min, median, variance, mode etc. of a vector. Everything went fine until I got to the mode.

The way I see it, I should be able to loop through the vector, and for each number that occurs I increment a key on the map. Finding the key with the highest value would then be the one that occured the most. Comparing to other keys would tell me if it's a single multiple or no mode answer.

Here's the chunk of code that's been causing me so much trouble.

map<int,unsigned> frequencyCount;
// This is my attempt to increment the values
// of the map everytime one of the same numebers 
for(size_t i = 0; i < v.size(); ++i)
    frequencyCount[v[i]]++;

unsigned currentMax = 0;
unsigned checked = 0;
unsigned maax = 0;
for(auto it = frequencyCount.cbegin(); it != frequencyCount.cend(); ++it )
    //checked = it->second;
    if (it ->second > currentMax)
    {
        maax = it->first;
    }
    //if(it ->second > currentMax){
    //v = it->first

cout << " The highest value within the map is: " << maax << endl;

The entire program can be seen here. http://pastebin.com/MzPENmHp

回答1:

You never changed currentMax in your code.

map<int,unsigned> frequencyCount;
for(size_t i = 0; i < v.size(); ++i)
    frequencyCount[v[i]]++;

unsigned currentMax = 0;
unsigned arg_max = 0;
for(auto it = frequencyCount.cbegin(); it != frequencyCount.cend(); ++it ) }
    if (it ->second > currentMax) {
        arg_max = it->first;
        currentMax = it->second;
    }
}
cout << "Value " << arg_max << " occurs " << currentMax << " times " << endl;

Another way to find the mode is to sort the vector and loop through it once, keeping track of the indices where the values change.

回答2:

You can use std::max_element to find the highest map value (the following code requires C++11):

std::map<int, size_t> frequencyCount;
using pair_type = decltype(frequencyCount)::value_type;

for (auto i : v)
    frequencyCount[i]++;

auto pr = std::max_element
(
    std::begin(frequencyCount), std::end(frequencyCount),
    [] (const pair_type & p1, const pair_type & p2) {
        return p1.second < p2.second;
    }
);
std::cout << "A mode of the vector: " << pr->first << '\n';

回答3:

Here's a templated function based on Rob's excellent answer above.

template<typename KeyType, typename ValueType> 
std::pair<KeyType,ValueType> get_max( const std::map<KeyType,ValueType>& x ) {
  using pairtype=std::pair<KeyType,ValueType>; 
  return *std::max_element(x.begin(), x.end(), [] (const pairtype & p1, const pairtype & p2) {
        return p1.second < p2.second;
  }); 
}

Example:

std::map<char,int> x = { { 'a',1 },{ 'b',2 },{'c',0}}; 
auto max=get_max(x);
std::cout << max.first << "=>" << max.second << std::endl; 

Outputs: b=>2

回答4:

you are almost there: simply add currentMax = it->second; after maax = it->first;

but using a map to locate the max is overkill: simply scan the vector and store the index where you find higher numbers: very similar to what you already wrote, just simpler.

回答5:

As someone accustomed to using boost libraries, an alternative to using the anonymous function proposed by Rob is the following implementation of std::max_element:

std::map< int, unsigned >::const_iterator found = 
        std::max_element( map.begin(), map.end(),
                         ( boost::bind(&std::map< int, unsigned >::value_type::second, _1) < 
                           boost::bind(&std::map< int, unsigned >::value_type::second, _2 ) ) );

回答6:

We may reuse key or, value comparator objects as per requirements in place of comparator api, while fetching min/max/ranges over any STL iterator.

http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/map/multimap/key_comp/ http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/map/multimap/value_comp/

==

Example:

// multimap::key_comp
#include <iostream>
#include <map>

int main ()
{
  std::multimap<char,int> mymultimap;

  std::multimap<char,int>::key_compare mycomp = mymultimap.key_comp();

  mymultimap.insert (std::make_pair('a',100));
  mymultimap.insert (std::make_pair('b',200));
  mymultimap.insert (std::make_pair('b',211));
  mymultimap.insert (std::make_pair('c',300));

  std::cout << "mymultimap contains:\n";

  char highest = mymultimap.rbegin()->first;     // key value of last element

  std::multimap<char,int>::iterator it = mymultimap.begin();
  do {
    std::cout << (*it).first << " => " << (*it).second << '\n';
  } while ( mycomp((*it++).first, highest) );

  std::cout << '\n';

  return 0;
}


Output:
mymultimap contains:
a => 100
b => 200
b => 211
c => 300

==

回答7:

We can easily do this by using max_element() function.

Code Snippet :

---

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

bool compare(const pair<int, int>&a, const pair<int, int>&b)
{
   return a.second<b.second;
}

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
   int n, key, maxn;
   map<int,int> mp;

   cin>>n;

   for (int i=0; i<n; i++)
   {
     cin>>key;
     mp[key]++;
   }

   maxn = max_element(mp.begin(), mp.end(), compare)->second;

   cout<<maxn<<endl;

   return 0;
 }

回答8:

Beter use inner comparator map::value_comp().

For example:

#include <algorithm>
...
auto max = std::max_element(freq.begin(), freq.end(), freq.value_comp());
std::cout << max->first << "=>" << max->second << std::endl

will output:

Key => Value