在上下文类型的变量不是固定的？(Type variables in context not fixe

我目前正在typelevel代码实验。 我有与仅发生在上下文中，而不是在实例本身类型变量一个实例。 不知怎的，编译器不喜欢，但我想不出为什么。 添加一个函数依赖于HasRecipe effect pot target -> deps作品的错误，但后来不正确的deps是在代码的最后一行的测试推断。

错误：

• Could not deduce (HasRecipe target pot effect deps0)
  from the context: (HasRecipe target pot effect deps,
                     SubSelect pot deps)
    bound by an instance declaration:
               forall target (pot :: [*]) (effect :: * -> *) (deps :: [*]).
               (HasRecipe target pot effect deps, SubSelect pot deps) =>
               CanCook target pot effect
    at Lib.hs:15:10-92
  The type variable ‘deps0’ is ambiguous
• In the ambiguity check for an instance declaration
  To defer the ambiguity check to use sites, enable AllowAmbiguousTypes
  In the instance declaration for ‘CanCook target pot effect’

资源：

#!/usr/bin/env stack
-- stack --resolver lts-11.4 --install-ghc runghc
{-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-}
{-# LANGUAGE KindSignatures #-}
{-# LANGUAGE DataKinds #-}
{-# LANGUAGE TypeOperators #-}
{-# LANGUAGE MultiParamTypeClasses #-}
{-# LANGUAGE FunctionalDependencies #-}
{-# LANGUAGE TypeFamilies #-}
{-# LANGUAGE FlexibleInstances #-}
{-# LANGUAGE UndecidableInstances #-}
{-# LANGUAGE StandaloneDeriving #-}
{-# LANGUAGE PolyKinds #-}

import Data.Proxy

class HEq (x :: k) (y :: k) (b :: Bool) | x y -> b

data family HList (l::[*])

data instance HList '[] = HNil
data instance HList (x ': xs) = x `HCons` HList xs

deriving instance Eq (HList '[])
deriving instance (Eq x, Eq (HList xs)) => Eq (HList (x ': xs))

deriving instance Ord (HList '[])
deriving instance (Ord x, Ord (HList xs)) => Ord (HList (x ': xs))

deriving instance Bounded (HList '[])
deriving instance (Bounded x, Bounded (HList xs)) => Bounded (HList (x ': xs))

class HExtend e l where
  type HExtendR e l
  (.*.) :: e -> l -> HExtendR e l

infixr 2 .*.

instance HExtend e (HList l) where
  type HExtendR e (HList l) = HList (e ': l)
  (.*.) = HCons


main = pure ()

newtype Recipe effect target (deps :: [*]) = Recipe { runRecipe :: HList deps -> effect target }

class CanCook target (pot :: [*]) effect | pot -> effect where
  cook :: HList pot -> effect target

instance (HasRecipe target pot effect deps, SubSelect pot deps) => CanCook target pot effect where
  cook pot =
    let
      deps :: HList deps
      deps = subselect pot
      r :: Recipe effect target deps
      r = recipe pot
    in
      runRecipe r $ deps

type family PotEffect (pot :: [*]) where
  PotEffect (Recipe effect _ _ ': '[]) = effect
  PotEffect (Recipe effect _ _ ': tail) = effect

class HasRecipe target (pot :: [*]) effect deps | pot -> effect where
  recipe :: HList pot -> Recipe effect target deps

class SubSelect (pot :: [*]) (deps :: [*]) where
  subselect :: HList pot -> HList deps

instance SubSelect t f where
  subselect = undefined

class HasRecipeCase (b :: Bool) (target :: *) (pot :: [*]) effect (deps :: [*]) | pot -> effect where
  recipeCase :: Proxy b -> Proxy target -> HList pot -> Recipe effect target deps

instance HasRecipeCase True target ((Recipe effect target deps) ': leftoverPot) effect deps where
  recipeCase _ _ (HCons head _) = head

instance (HasRecipe target leftoverPot effect deps) =>
  HasRecipeCase False target ((Recipe effect target1 deps) ': leftoverPot) effect deps where
  recipeCase _ _ (HCons _ tail) = recipe tail

instance (HEq target t bool, HasRecipeCase bool target pot effect deps, pot ~ ((Recipe effect t deps) ': leftoverPot)) =>
  HasRecipe target ((Recipe effect t deps) ': leftoverPot) effect deps where
  recipe = undefined

newtype M1 = M1 ()
newtype M2 = M2 ()
newtype M3 = M3 ()
newtype M4 = M4 ()

r1 :: Recipe IO M1 '[M2, M3]
r1 = undefined

r2 :: Recipe IO M2 '[]
r2 = undefined

r3 :: Recipe IO M3 '[M4]
r3 = undefined

r4 :: Recipe IO M4 '[]
r4 = undefined

cookbook1 = r1 .*. r2 .*. r3 .*. r4 .*. HNil

cookbook2 = r3 .*. r4 .*. r2 .*. r1 .*. HNil

c1 = cook cookbook1 :: IO M4
-- c2 = cook cookbook2 :: IO M4

Answer 1:

你不能有这样一个实例

instance (HasRecipe target pot effect deps, SubSelect pot deps)
       => CanCook target pot effect where

该tyvar deps出现在背景下，而不是在头部，使得该实例暧昧。

具体而言，它可能是可能有四个实例

instance HasRecipe target pot effect A
instance SubSelect pot A
instance HasRecipe target pot effect B
instance SubSelect pot B

和GHC已经没有办法选择你要哪一个。 你必须选择deps在无论是在实例定义，或（使模糊的类型） cook调用点。

如果有一个fundep如target pot effect -> deps这将消除不确定性，但它是我很难理解的意图。

文章来源: Type variables in context not fixed?