旋转/枢1000列的行(Rotate/pivot 1000 columns to rows)

我继承一个DB从我需要在当前布置成行列来提取数据。检索数据的查询是：

select distinct 
    LIMSNo, p250.*, p500.*, p750.*, p1000.* 
from 
    results as r
    inner join Points250 as p250 
    on r.resultsid = p250.resultsid and p250.channel = 1
    inner join Points500 as p500 
    on r.resultsid = p500.resultsid and p500.channel = 1
    inner join Points750 as p750 
    on r.resultsid = p750.resultsid and p750.channel = 1
    inner join Points1000 as p1000 
    on r.resultsid = p1000.resultsid and p1000.channel = 1
where 
    r.limsno between '120053698' and '120053704'

产生

LIMSNo           P0001              P0002              P0003   ...     P1000  
120053698        251.6667           302.0196           302.2353        305.9608
120053699        291.6667           342.6545           347.9635        353.6236
120053700        243.3333           298.3206           296.7235        299.5342
120053701        308.3333           365.8397           365.4071        368.3206
120053702        315                363.4153           366.6052        373.1695

请注意，有1000列（P0001 ... P1000）

我想枢轴/让我得到这个输出旋转数据：

        120053698        120053699        120053700        120053701        120053702 
P0001   251.6667         291.6667         243.3333         308.3333         315
P0002   302.0196         342.6545         298.3206         365.8397         363.4153
...
P1000   305.9608         353.6236         299.5342         368.3206         373.1695

如何构造SQL查询？该数据库是SQL 2000。

我已经尝试了许多方法解决这个问题。我的最新的尝试是：

create table #tempCols
(
    ColName nchar(15)
)

insert into #tempCols
select 
    column_name 
from 
    information_schema.columns
where 
    table_name = 'Points250' 
and column_name like 'P%'

insert into #tempCols
select 
    column_name 
from 
    information_schema.columns
where 
    table_name = 'Points500' 
and column_name like 'P%'

insert into #tempCols
select 
    column_name 
from 
    information_schema.columns
where 
    table_name = 'Points750' 
and column_name like 'P%'

insert into #tempCols
select 
    column_name 
from 
    information_schema.columns
where 
    table_name = 'Points1000' 
and column_name like 'P%'

create table #LIMSList
(
    LIMSNumber nchar(9)
)
insert into #LIMSList
select LimsNo from results
where LimsNo between '100030460' and '100030500'

declare @colList varchar(max)
select @colList = COALESCE(@colList + ',' ,'') + ColName from #tempCols

declare @command varchar(max)
set @command = 
'
    select LimsNo, Point, Data
    from (
        select LimsNo, p250.*, p500.*, p750.*, p1000.* 
        from 
            results as r
            inner join Points250 as p250 
            on r.resultsid = p250.resultsid and p250.channel = 1
            inner join Points500 as p500 
            on r.resultsid = p500.resultsid and p500.channel = 1
            inner join Points750 as p750 
            on r.resultsid = p750.resultsid and p750.channel = 1
            inner join Points1000 as p1000 
            on r.resultsid = p1000.resultsid and p1000.channel = 1
        where 
            limsno in (select LimsNo from #LIMSList)) d
            unpivot (Data for Point in (' + @colList + ')) as unpvt
'

print @command

exec(@command)

drop table #tempCols
drop table #LIMSList

但我得到的错误是：

Msg 8156, Level 16, State 1, Line 1
The column 'ResultsID' was specified multiple times for 'd'.
Msg 8156, Level 16, State 1, Line 1
The column 'ResultsID' was specified multiple times for 'unpvt'.

Answer 1:

由于SQL Server 2000中没有任何一个UNPIVOT或PIVOT运算符，你将不得不使用UNION ALL的UNPIVOT ，然后一个CASE的声明PIVOT 。这是一个动态的解决方案，它应该工作：

DECLARE @query  AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
  @rowCount as int = 1,
  @unpivotCount as int = 0,
  @pivotCount as int,
  @unRow as varchar(10) = '',
  @pivotRow as varchar(10) = ''

select c.Name col
into #colsUnpivot
from sys.columns as C
where C.object_id = object_id('yourtable') and
    C.name LIKE 'P%'

set @unpivotCount = (select count(*) from #colsUnpivot)

-- unpivot the data
while @rowCount <= @unpivotCount 
  begin
    set @unRow = (select Top 1 col from #colsUnpivot)

    set @query =' insert into unpivotData (LIMSNo, Val, Col)
                  select LIMSNo, ' + @unRow + ' as val, ''' 
                    + @unRow  + ''' as col
                  from yourtable'

     exec(@query)

     delete from #colsUnpivot where col = @unRow

     if @rowCount <= @unpivotCount 
        set @rowCount = @rowCount + 1
  end

--select * 
--from unpivotData

-- pivot the data 
select distinct LIMSNo
into #colsPivot
from yourtable

set @pivotCount= (select COUNT(*) from #colsPivot) 
-- reset rowcount
set @rowCount = 1
set @query = ''

---- create the CASE string
while @rowCount <= @pivotCount
    begin
        set @pivotRow = (select Top 1 LIMSNo from #colsPivot)

        set @query = @query + ', max(case when LIMSNo = ' + @pivotRow + ' then val end) as ''' + @pivotRow + ''''

        delete from #colsPivot where LIMSNo = @pivotRow

        if @rowCount <= @pivotCount
            begin
                set @rowCount = @rowCount + 1
                print @rowCount
            end
    end

-- add the rest of the SQL Statement
set @query = 'SELECT col ' + @query + ' from dbo.unpivotData group by col'

exec(@query)

delete from dbo.unpivotData

drop table #colsUnpivot
drop table #colspivot

我创建了一个名为表UnpivotData来保存数据以使用在PIVOT过程。

请参阅SQL拨弄演示

Answer 2:

透视和逆透视运营商都没有在SQL Server 2000提供所以，你必须透视和逆透视数据使用其他技术。

我列出了unpivot和枢轴的静态方法，我希望你可以把它转换成动态的解决方案，如果你想要的。

假设你已经插入查询的数据插入到表，你可以使用UNION ALL unpivot的数据，并将其插入到临时表。

SELECT 
*
INTO dbo.temp
FROM 
(
SELECT LIMSNo, P0001 AS [Point],'P0001' AS [ColName] FROM dbo.myTable
UNION ALL 
SELECT LIMSNo, P0002 AS [Point],'P0002' AS [ColName] FROM dbo.myTable
UNION ALL 
SELECT LIMSNo, P0003 AS [Point],'P0003' AS [ColName] FROM dbo.myTable
UNION ALL 
SELECT LIMSNo, P0004 AS [Point],'P0004' AS [ColName] FROM dbo.myTable
....
....
UNION ALL 
SELECT LIMSNo, P1000 AS [Point],'P1000' AS [ColName] FROM dbo.myTable
) AS t

那么你就可以再次透视数据

SELECT 
ColName
,MAX(CASE LIMSNo WHEN '120053698' THEN [Point] ELSE NULL END ) AS [120053698]
,MAX(CASE LIMSNo WHEN '120053699' THEN [Point] ELSE NULL END ) AS [120053699]
,MAX(CASE LIMSNo WHEN '120053700' THEN [Point] ELSE NULL END ) AS [120053700]
....
....
,MAX(CASE LIMSNo WHEN '120053704' THEN [Point] ELSE NULL END ) AS [120053704]

FROM dbo.temp
GROUP BY ColName

文章来源: Rotate/pivot 1000 columns to rows