Subject Alternative Name Missing & ERR_SSL_VERSION

问题:

I followed this answer to make https://localhost:3000/ work in Chrome & Mac. Today, it suddenly does not work anymore.

https://localhost:3000 gives Not Secure:

Subject Alternative Name Missing
The certificate for this site does not contain a Subject Alternative Name extension containing a domain name or IP address.

I re-trusted this certificate by following the previous steps, it did not help. Then, I saw this answer, I need to remake ssl keys.

I make v3.ext:

authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid,issuer
basicConstraints=CA:FALSE
keyUsage = digitalSignature, nonRepudiation, keyEncipherment, dataEncipherment
subjectAltName = @alt_names

[alt_names]
DNS.1 = localhost

Then,

openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout key.pem -out cert.pem -days 365 -sha256 -extfile v3.ext

However, it returns

unknown option -extfile
req [options] <infile >outfile
where options  are
 -inform arg    input format - DER or PEM
 -outform arg   output format - DER or PEM
 ... ...

Does anyone know what's wrong with my openssl command?

Otherwise, does anyone know how to fix this Subject Alternative Name Missing or NET::ERR_CERT_COMMON_NAME_INVALID error?

Edit 1: I tried to follow this answer and here is my example-com.conf:

[ req ]
default_bits        = 2048
default_keyfile     = server-key.pem
distinguished_name  = subject
req_extensions      = req_ext
x509_extensions     = x509_ext
string_mask         = utf8only

# The Subject DN can be formed using X501 or RFC 4514 (see RFC 4519 for a description).
#   Its sort of a mashup. For example, RFC 4514 does not provide emailAddress.
[ subject ]
countryName         = Country Name (2 letter code)
countryName_default     = US

stateOrProvinceName     = State or Province Name (full name)
stateOrProvinceName_default = NY

localityName            = Locality Name (eg, city)
localityName_default        = New York

organizationName         = Organization Name (eg, company)
organizationName_default    = Example, LLC

# Use a friendly name here because its presented to the user. The server's DNS
#   names are placed in Subject Alternate Names. Plus, DNS names here is deprecated
#   by both IETF and CA/Browser Forums. If you place a DNS name here, then you
#   must include the DNS name in the SAN too (otherwise, Chrome and others that
#   strictly follow the CA/Browser Baseline Requirements will fail).
commonName          = Common Name (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name)
commonName_default      = Example Company

emailAddress            = Email Address
emailAddress_default        = [e-mail]

# Section x509_ext is used when generating a self-signed certificate. I.e., openssl req -x509 ...
[ x509_ext ]

subjectKeyIdentifier        = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier  = keyid,issuer

# You only need digitalSignature below. *If* you don't allow
#   RSA Key transport (i.e., you use ephemeral cipher suites), then
#   omit keyEncipherment because that's key transport.
basicConstraints        = CA:FALSE
keyUsage            = digitalSignature, keyEncipherment
subjectAltName          = @alternate_names
nsComment           = "OpenSSL Generated Certificate"

# RFC 5280, Section 4.2.1.12 makes EKU optional
#   CA/Browser Baseline Requirements, Appendix (B)(3)(G) makes me confused
#   In either case, you probably only need serverAuth.
# extendedKeyUsage  = serverAuth, clientAuth

# Section req_ext is used when generating a certificate signing request. I.e., openssl req ...
[ req_ext ]

subjectKeyIdentifier        = hash

basicConstraints        = CA:FALSE
keyUsage            = digitalSignature, keyEncipherment
subjectAltName          = @alternate_names
nsComment           = "OpenSSL Generated Certificate"

# RFC 5280, Section 4.2.1.12 makes EKU optional
#   CA/Browser Baseline Requirements, Appendix (B)(3)(G) makes me confused
#   In either case, you probably only need serverAuth.
# extendedKeyUsage  = serverAuth, clientAuth

[ alternate_names ]

DNS.1       = localhost

# IPv4 localhost
IP.1       = 127.0.0.1

# IPv6 localhost
IP.2     = ::1

Then, I did

openssl req -config example-com.conf -new -x509 -sha256 -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -keyout example-com.key.pem -days 365 -out example-com.cert.pem

Reopen https://localhost:3000 in Chrome gives me

localhost uses an unsupported protocol.
ERR_SSL_VERSION_OR_CIPHER_MISMATCH

Could anyone help?

回答1:

I suggest the following solution: create self-signed CA certificate and the web server certificate signed by this CA. When you install this small chain to your web server it will work with Chrome.

Create configuration file for your CA MyCompanyCA.cnf with contents (you can change it to your needs):

[ req ]
distinguished_name  = req_distinguished_name
x509_extensions     = root_ca

[ req_distinguished_name ]
countryName             = Country Name (2 letter code)
countryName_min         = 2
countryName_max         = 2
stateOrProvinceName     = State or Province Name (full name)
localityName            = Locality Name (eg, city)
0.organizationName      = Organization Name (eg, company)
organizationalUnitName  = Organizational Unit Name (eg, section)
commonName              = Common Name (eg, fully qualified host name)
commonName_max          = 64
emailAddress            = Email Address
emailAddress_max        = 64

[ root_ca ]
basicConstraints            = critical, CA:true

Create the extensions configuration file MyCompanyLocalhost.ext for your web server certificate:

subjectAltName = @alt_names
extendedKeyUsage = serverAuth

[alt_names]
DNS.1   = localhost
DNS.2   = mypc.mycompany.com

Then execute the following commands:

openssl req -x509 -newkey rsa:2048 -out MyCompanyCA.cer -outform PEM -keyout MyCompanyCA.pvk -days 10000 -verbose -config MyCompanyCA.cnf -nodes -sha256 -subj "/CN=MyCompany CA"

openssl req -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout MyCompanyLocalhost.pvk -out MyCompanyLocalhost.req -subj /CN=localhost -sha256 -nodes
openssl x509 -req -CA MyCompanyCA.cer -CAkey MyCompanyCA.pvk -in MyCompanyLocalhost.req -out MyCompanyLocalhost.cer -days 10000 -extfile MyCompanyLocalhost.ext -sha256 -set_serial 0x1111

As result you will get MyCompanyCA.cer, MyCompanyLocalhost.cer and MyCompanyLocalhost.pvk files that you can install to the web server.

How to check that it works with Chrome before installing certificates to the web server. Execute the following command on your local PC to run web server simulator:

openssl s_server -accept 15000 -cert MyCompanyLocalhost.cer -key MyCompanyLocalhost.pvk -CAfile MyCompanyCA.cer -WWW

Then you can access this page at https://localhost:15000/ You will see an error that MyCompanyLocalhost.cer is not trusted, if you want to eliminate this error also - then install MyCompanyCA.cer to the certificate trusted list of your OS.

回答2:

Thanks Oleg for nice solution. In my case, the URI is specified as an IP address rather than a hostname, finally, i get the solution from here.

I edit @Oleg's MyCompanyLocalhost.ext, from

subjectAltName = @alt_names
extendedKeyUsage = serverAuth

[alt_names]
DNS.1   = localhost
DNS.2   = mypc.mycompany.com

to

subjectAltName = @alt_names
extendedKeyUsage = serverAuth

[alt_names]

DNS.1 = domain.com 
# IP address
IP.1 = 192.168.2.221
IP.2 = 127.0.0.1