Convert an integer to a byte array

问题:

I have a function which receives a []byte but I what I have is an int, what is the best way to go about this conversion?

err = a.Write([]byte(myInt))

I guess I could go the long way and get it into a string and put that into bytes, but it sounds ugly and I guess there are better ways to do it.

回答1:

I agree with Brainstorm's approach: assuming that you're passing a machine-friendly binary representation, use the encoding/binary library. The OP suggests that binary.Write() might have some overhead. Looking at the source for the implementation of Write(), I see that it does some runtime decisions for maximum flexibility.

   189  func Write(w io.Writer, order ByteOrder, data interface{}) error {
   190      // Fast path for basic types.
   191      var b [8]byte
   192      var bs []byte
   193      switch v := data.(type) {
   194      case *int8:
   195          bs = b[:1]
   196          b[0] = byte(*v)
   197      case int8:
   198          bs = b[:1]
   199          b[0] = byte(v)
   200      case *uint8:
   201          bs = b[:1]
   202          b[0] = *v
   ...

Right? Write() takes in a very generic data third argument, and that's imposing some overhead as the Go runtime then is forced into encoding type information. Since Write() is doing some runtime decisions here that you simply don't need in your situation, maybe you can just directly call the encoding functions and see if it performs better.

Something like this:

package main

import (
    "encoding/binary"
    "fmt"
)

func main() {
    bs := make([]byte, 4)
    binary.LittleEndian.PutUint32(bs, 31415926)
    fmt.Println(bs)
}

Let us know how this performs.

Otherwise, if you're just trying to get an ASCII representation of the integer, you can get the string representation (probably with strconv.Itoa) and cast that string to the []byte type.

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "strconv"
)

func main() {
    bs := []byte(strconv.Itoa(31415926))
    fmt.Println(bs)
}

回答2:

Check out the "encoding/binary" package. Particularly the Read and Write functions:

binary.Write(a, binary.LittleEndian, myInt)

回答3:

Sorry, this might be a bit late. But I think I found a better implementation on the go docs.

buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
var num uint16 = 1234
err := binary.Write(buf, binary.LittleEndian, num)
if err != nil {
    fmt.Println("binary.Write failed:", err)
}
fmt.Printf("% x", buf.Bytes())

回答4:

What's wrong with converting it to a string?

[]byte(fmt.Sprintf("%d", myint))