Go: Unmarshalling JSON with multiple types

问题:

I'm having an issue unmarshalling a JSON response into a struct. The problem I'm having is that the zip code can either return as a string or an integer. How do I write an unmarshal method to check if the zip is an int and force it to store it as a string?

Struct:

type CustomerAddress struct {
    Line1            string `json:"line1"`
    City             string `json:"city"`
    State            string `json:"state"`
    Zip              string `json:"zip"`
    IsPrimaryAddress string `json:"isPrimaryAddress"`
}

Example Json:

address": [
  {
    "line1": "555 ADDRESS PLACE",
    "city": "DALLAS",
    "state": "TX",
    "isPrimaryAddress": "Y",
    "zip": 55555
  }
]

After unmarshalling, the result should have the zip successfully converted into a string:

address": [
  {
    "line1": "555 ADDRESS PLACE",
    "city": "DALLAS",
    "state": "TX",
    "isPrimaryAddress": "Y",
    "zip": "55555"
  }
]

As an attempt, I tried to use a ZipWrapper.

type CustomerAddress struct {
    Line1            string        `json:"line1"`
    City             string        `json:"city"`
    State            string        `json:"state"`
    Zip              ZipWrapper    `json:"zip"`
    IsPrimaryAddress string        `json:"isPrimaryAddress"`
}

type ZipWrapper struct {
   Zip string
}

func (w *ZipWrapper ) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) (err error) {

    if zip, err := strconv.Atoi(string(data)); err == nil {
        w.Zip = strconv.Itoa(zip)
        return nil
    }
    return json.Unmarshal(data, &w.Zip)
}

This almost worked except the zip is now a nested struct within CustomerAddress which is not what I want:

  address": [
  {
    "line1": "555 ADDRESS PLACE",
    "city": "DALLAS",
    "state": "TX",
    "isPrimaryAddress": "Y",
    "zip": {
      "Zip": "55555"
    }
  }
]

Any ideas? I feel like this is a relatively easy task but I'm a complete Go noob and haven't fully wrapped my head around how Unmarshalling works.

回答1:

The json package provides the json.Number type to do this:

type CustomerAddress struct {
    Line1            string      `json:"line1"`
    City             string      `json:"city"`
    State            string      `json:"state"`
    Zip              json.Number `json:"zip"`
    IsPrimaryAddress string      `json:"isPrimaryAddress"`
}

https://play.golang.org/p/PIKSh2c6Mm

If you needed to do this yourself without the nested struct, you can declare the type the same way as json.Number, with string as the underlying type

type ZipWrapper string

func (w *ZipWrapper) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) (err error) {
    if len(data) > 1 && data[0] == '"' && data[len(data)-1] == '"' {
        data = data[1 : len(data)-1]
    }

    if _, err := strconv.Atoi(string(data)); err != nil {
        return err
    }
    *w = ZipWrapper(string(data))
    return nil
}

回答2:

What Jim is saying in the other answer about defining ZipWrapper as a string is that you can take the same approach you were taking, but without the nested Struct.

Like, define the field like this:

Zip ZipWrapper `json:"zip"`

But then ZipWrapper is defined like:

type ZipWrapper string

Your UnmarshalJSON function can be like this:

func (w *ZipWrapper) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) (err error) {

    if zip, err := strconv.Atoi(string(data)); err == nil {
        str := strconv.Itoa(zip)
        *w = ZipWrapper(str)
        return nil
    }
    var str string
    err = json.Unmarshal(data, &str)
    if err != nil {
       return err
    }
    return json.Unmarshal([]byte(str), w)
}

Here's a working Go playground:

https://play.golang.org/p/IlJJRP3x1w