SQL Server how to drop identity from a column

问题:

Is there an easy way to remove an identity from a table in SQL Server 2005?

When I use Management Studio, it generates a script that creates a mirror table without the identity, copies the data, drops the table, then renames the mirror table, etc. This script has 5231 lines in it because this table/column have many FK relations.

I'd feel much more comfortable running a simple alter/drop. Any ideas?

EDIT
I think I'm just going to go with the 5,231 line script from Enterprise Manager. However, I'm going to break it up into smaller parts which I can run and control better. This table "behaves" strange, if you try to delete 1 row (even one you just inserted, which is not in any other FK table), you get this error:

delete MyTable where MyPrimaryKey=1234  

Msg 8621, Level 17, State 2, Line 1
    The query processor ran out of stack space during query optimization. Please simplify the query.

No doubt, all the FKs. We will halt all access to our application and run in single user mode when we make these schema and related application changes. However, we need this to run fast, and I need an idea of how long it will take. I guess that I'll just have to test, test, test.

回答1:

If you are on SQL Server 2005 or later, you can do this as a simple metadata change (NB: doesn't require an edition supporting partitioning as I originally stated).

Example code pilfered shamelessly from the workaround by Paul White on this Microsoft Connect Item.

USE tempdb;
GO
-- A table with an identity column
CREATE TABLE dbo.Source 
(row_id INTEGER IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, data SQL_VARIANT NULL);
GO
-- Some sample data
INSERT dbo.Source (data)
VALUES (CONVERT(SQL_VARIANT, 4)),
        (CONVERT(SQL_VARIANT, 'X')),
        (CONVERT(SQL_VARIANT, {d '2009-11-07'})),
        (CONVERT(SQL_VARIANT, N'áéíóú'));
GO
-- Remove the identity property
BEGIN TRY;
    -- All or nothing
    BEGIN TRANSACTION;

    -- A table with the same structure as the one with the identity column,
    -- but without the identity property
    CREATE TABLE dbo.Destination 
    (row_id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, data SQL_VARIANT NULL);

    -- Metadata switch
    ALTER TABLE dbo.Source SWITCH TO dbo.Destination;

    -- Drop the old object, which now contains no data
    DROP TABLE dbo.Source;

    -- Rename the new object to make it look like the old one
    EXECUTE sp_rename N'dbo.Destination', N'Source', 'OBJECT';

    -- Success
    COMMIT TRANSACTION;
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
    -- Bugger!
    IF XACT_STATE() <> 0 ROLLBACK TRANSACTION;
    PRINT ERROR_MESSAGE();
END CATCH;
GO

-- Test the the identity property has indeed gone
INSERT dbo.Source (row_id, data)
VALUES (5, CONVERT(SQL_VARIANT, N'This works!'))

SELECT row_id,
        data
FROM    dbo.Source;
GO

-- Tidy up
DROP TABLE dbo.Source;

回答2:

I don't believe you can directly drop the IDENTITY part of the column. Your best bet is probably to:

• add another non-identity column to the table
• copy the identity values to that column
• drop the original identity column
• rename the new column to replace the original column

If the identity column is part of a key or other constraint, you will need to drop those constraints and re-create them after the above operations are complete.

回答3:

You could add a column to the table that is not an identity column, copy the data, drop the original column, and rename the new column to the old column and recreate the indexes.

Here is a link that shows an example. Still not a simple alter, but it is certainly better than 5231 lines.