Sorting strings in reverse order with backbone.js

问题:

I'm trying to sort a Backbone.js collection in reverse order. There are previous replies on how to do this with integers, but none with strings.

var Chapter  = Backbone.Model;
var chapters = new Backbone.Collection;

chapters.comparator = function(chapter) {
  return chapter.get("title");
};

chapters.add(new Chapter({page: 9, title: "The End"}));
chapters.add(new Chapter({page: 5, title: "The Middle"}));
chapters.add(new Chapter({page: 1, title: "The Beginning"}));

alert(chapters.pluck('title'));

The above code sorts the chapters from A -> Z, but how do I write a comparator that sorts it from Z -> A?

回答1:

There are two versions of the comparator function that you can use, either the sortBy version - which was shown in the example, which takes one parameter, or sort - which you can return a more standard sort function, which the documentation says:

"sortBy" comparator functions take a model and return a numeric or string value by which the model should be ordered relative to others. "sort" comparator functions take two models, and return -1 if the first model should come before the second, 0 if they are of the same rank and 1 if the first model should come after.

So in this case, we can write a different comparator function:

var Chapter  = Backbone.Model;
var chapters = new Backbone.Collection;

chapters.comparator = function(chapterA, chapterB) {
  if (chapterA.get('title') > chapterB.get('title')) return -1; // before
  if (chapterB.get('title') > chapterA.get('title')) return 1; // after
  return 0; // equal
};

chapters.add(new Chapter({page: 9, title: "The End"}));
chapters.add(new Chapter({page: 5, title: "The Middle"}));
chapters.add(new Chapter({page: 1, title: "The Beginning"}));

alert(chapters.pluck('title'));

So you should get as a response:

"The Middle", "The End", "The Beginning"

回答2:

You could:

• grab the char code for each character in the string,
• subtract each value from 0xffff (the maximum return value of string.charCodeAt),
• use String.fromCharCode to turn that back into string of "negated" characters

and that will be your sorting key.

chapters.comparator = function(chapter) {
    return String.fromCharCode.apply(String,
        _.map(chapter.get("title").split(""), function (c) {
            return 0xffff - c.charCodeAt();
        })
    );
}

And voila:

> console.log(chapters.pluck('title'));
["The Middle", "The End", "The Beginning"]

Note: if your comparison strings are long (as in 65 kb or more), you may run into trouble (see Matt's comment below). To avoid this, and speed up comparisons a bit, just use a shorter slice of your comparison string. (In the above example, you could go for chapter.get("title").slice(0, 100).split("") instead.) How long a slice you need will depend on your application.

回答3:

If you're working with non-numerical values, there is no obvious way to do a reverse sort. Backbone makes use of the _.sortBy() and _.sortedIndex() methods from Underscore to order the models based on the comparator, and these methods automatically sort in ascending order. The naive way to do this would be to use chapters.pluck('title').reverse(), as the result of pluck will be an array. But calling reverse on some Collection methods will reverse the Collection models in place, so next time you call it, the models will be back in ascending order. You could always do something like:

var results = [],
    titles  = chapters.pluck('title');

for(var i=0, len=titles.length; i<len; i++) {
  results.push(titles[i]);
}

results.reverse();

This would not affect the models array in your Backbone collection, as it would create a completely new results array in memory, but retain references to the original models, so calling things like save would still update the Collection state.

But that's not very elegant, and creates a lot of extra coding throughout your project any time you want to reverse the results. I think we can do better.

In order to make this work, you'll need to perform a bit of unwieldy JavaScript ninjary in your comparator method to make this work - note this is untested:

chapters.comparator = function(chapter) {
  var alphabet = '0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz',
      title = chapter.get('title').toLowerCase(),
      inverse_title = '',
      index;

  for(var i=0, len=title.length; i<len; i++) {
    index = alphabet.indexOf(title.charAt(i));

    if(index === -1) {
      inverse_title += title.charAt(i);
      continue;
    }

    inverse_title += alphabet.charAt(alphabet.length - index - 1);
  }

  return inverse_title;
};

This concept probably needs improving to take into account symbols, etc., but essentially it inverts the comparator string in such a way that "Z" becomes "0", "Y" becomes "1", etc., which should produce the reverse sort you're after.

回答4:

As Backbone merely uses the .sortBy method, simply proxy in your own logic:

collectionInQuestion.sortBy = function () {
  var models = _.sortBy(this.models, this.comparator);
  if (forSomeReason) {
    models.reverse();
  }
  return models;
};

..or add it somewhere else..

TweakedCollection = Backbone.Collection.extend({ sortBy: [...] })

回答5:

I just solved a similar problem with table sorting and I wanted to share the code since I didn't find much help in these answers:

events: {

    'click th.sortable': function(e) {
        var $this = $(e.target),
            order = $this.hasClass('asc') ? 'desc' : 'asc',
            field = $this.data('field'); /* this is a string */

        $this.siblings().addBack().removeClass('asc desc');
        $this.addClass( order );

        this.bodyView.collection.comparator = field;
        this.bodyView.collection.sort();
        if ( order === 'desc' ) this.bodyView.collection.models.reverse();

        this.bodyView.render();
    }

},

in this case I simply set comparator to string instead of a function; the string has to be the name of the property you want to sort by. Then I just call reverse on the models if the order has to be inverse.

回答6:

Just add minus before chapter.get

chapters.comparator = function(chapter) {
    return -chapter.get("title");
};