I have simple "RAM" implemented as:
type memory_array is array(31 downto 0) of std_logic_vector(7 downto 0);
signal ram : memory_array;
I would like to init it's content from HEX file. I wonder about reading the file like:
ram_init: process
file file_ptr : text;
variable line_text : string(1 to 14);
variable line_num : line;
variable lines_read : integer := 0;
variable char : character;
variable tmp_hexnum : string(1 to 2);
begin
file_open(file_ptr,"../RAM.HEX",READ_MODE);
while (not endfile(file_ptr)) loop
readline (file_ptr,line_num);
READ (line_num,line_text);
if (lines_read < 32) then
tmp_hexnum := line_text(10 to 11);
-- ram(lines_read) <= tmp_hexnum;
lines_read := lines_read + 1;
wait for 10 ns;
end if;
end loop;
file_close(file_ptr);
wait;
end process;
The problem is (if this code above would works, which I don't even know), how to convert the tmp_hexnum string to std_logic_vector.
Please have patience with me, VHDL beginner.
The first mistake is to use a process : if you attempt to synthesise the design, the process won't do anything until the design is built and running; which is far too late to read a file!
Instead, wrap the init code in a function, and use that to initialise the memory
signal ram : memory_array := my_ram_init(filename => "../RAM.HEX");
This will work in simulation, and many synthesis tools will infer a RAM and initialise it correctly. If you declared a constant instead of a signal, this would create a ROM instead of a RAM.
Anyway the function looks a bit like
function my_ram_init(filename : string) return memory_array is
variable temp : memory_array;
-- other variables
begin
file_open(...);
-- you have a good handle on the function body
file_close(...);
return temp;
end function;
leaving you with the original problem :
temp(lines_read) <= to_slv(tmp_hexnum);
writing the to_slv function. There ought to be a standard library of these, but for some reason there isn't a universally accepted one. So, here's a start...
function to_slv (tmp_hexnum : string) return std_logic_vector is
variable temp : std_logic_vector(7 downto 0);
variable digit : natural;
begin
for i in tmp_hexnum'range loop
case tmp_hexnum(i) is
when '0' .. '9' =>
digit := Character'pos(tmp_hexnum(i)) - Character'pos('0');
when 'A' .. 'F' =>
digit := Character'pos(tmp_hexnum(i)) - Character'pos('A');
when others => digit <= 0;
end case;
temp(i*4+3 downto i*4) := std_logic_vector(to_unsigned(digit));
end loop;
return temp;
end function;
Converting a string of variable length to std_logic_vector with length as 4 *
length of string, can be done with the function below:
library ieee;
use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;
use ieee.numeric_std.all;
...
-- Convert string to std_logic_vector, assuming characters in '0' to '9',
-- 'A' to 'F', or 'a' to 'f'.
function str_to_slv(str : string) return std_logic_vector is
alias str_norm : string(1 to str'length) is str;
variable char_v : character;
variable val_of_char_v : natural;
variable res_v : std_logic_vector(4 * str'length - 1 downto 0);
begin
for str_norm_idx in str_norm'range loop
char_v := str_norm(str_norm_idx);
case char_v is
when '0' to '9' => val_of_char_v := character'pos(char_v) - character'pos('0');
when 'A' to 'F' => val_of_char_v := character'pos(char_v) - character'pos('A') + 10;
when 'a' to 'f' => val_of_char_v := character'pos(char_v) - character'pos('a') + 10;
when others => report "str_to_slv: Invalid characters for convert" severity ERROR;
end case;
res_v(res_v'left - 4 * str_norm_idx + 4 downto res_v'left - 4 * str_norm_idx + 1) :=
std_logic_vector(to_unsigned(val_of_char_v, 4));
end loop;
return res_v;
end function;
Your (both) answers helped me a lot. But it seems not working.
function ram_init(filename : string) return memory_array is
variable temp : memory_array;
file file_ptr : text;
variable line_line : line;
variable line_text : string(1 to 14);
variable tmp_hexnum : string(1 to 2);
variable lines_read : integer := 0;
begin
file_open(file_ptr,filename,READ_MODE);
while (lines_read < 32 and not endfile(file_ptr)) loop
readline (file_ptr,line_line);
read (line_line,line_text);
tmp_hexnum := line_text(10 to 11);
temp(lines_read) := hex_to_bin(tmp_hexnum);
lines_read := lines_read + 1;
end loop;
file_close(file_ptr);
return temp;
end function;
signal ram : memory_array := ram_init(filename=>"../RAM.HEX");
If I set tmp_hexnum to e.g. "0A", it's OK, but reading from file do not fill the RAM.
Can you please check the file part for me, too?
