Can I target all tags with a single selector?

问题:

I'd like to target all h tags on a page. I know you can do it this way...

h1,
h2,
h3,
h4,
h5,
h6 {
  font: 32px/42px trajan-pro-1,trajan-pro-2;
}

but is there a more efficient way of doing this using advanced CSS selectors? e.g something like:

[att^=h] {
  font: 32px/42px trajan-pro-1,trajan-pro-2;
}

(but obviously this doesn't work)

回答1:

No, a comma-separated list is what you want in this case.

回答2:

It's not basic css, but if you're using LESS (http://lesscss.org), you can do this using recursion:

.hClass (@index) when (@index > 0) {
    h@{index} {
        font: 32px/42px trajan-pro-1,trajan-pro-2;
    }
    .hClass(@index - 1);
}
.hClass(6);

Sass (http://sass-lang.com) will allow you to manage this, but won't allow recursion; they have @for syntax for these instances:

@for $index from 1 through 6 {
  h#{$index}{
    font: 32px/42px trajan-pro-1,trajan-pro-2;
  }
}

If you're not using a dynamic language that compiles to CSS like LESS or Sass, you should definitely check out one of these options. They can really simplify and make more dynamic your CSS development.

回答3:

If you're using SASS you could also use this mixin:

@mixin headings {
    h1, h2, h3,
    h4, h5, h6 {
        @content;
    }
}

Use it like so:

@include headings {
    font: 32px/42px trajan-pro-1, trajan-pro-2;
}

---

Edit: My personal favourite way of doing this by optionally extending a placeholder selector on each of the heading elements.

h1, h2, h3,
h4, h5, h6 {
    @extend %headings !optional;
}

Then I can target all headings like I would target any single class, for example:

.element > %headings {
    color: red;
}

回答4:

SCSS+Compass makes this a snap, since we're talking about pre-processors.

#{headings(1,5)} {
    //definitions
  }

You can learn about all the Compass helper selectors here:

回答5:

Stylus's selector interpolation

for n in 1..6
  h{n}
    font: 32px/42px trajan-pro-1,trajan-pro-2;

回答6:

To tackle this with vanilla CSS look for patterns in the ancestors of the h1..h6 elements:

<section class="row">
  <header>
    <h1>AMD RX Series</h1>
    <small>These come in different brands and types</small>
  </header>
</header>

<div class="row">
  <h3>Sapphire RX460 OC 2/4GB</h3>
  <small>Available in 2GB and 4GB models</small>
</div>

If you can spot patterns you may be able to write a selector which targets what you want. Given the above example all h1..h6 elements may be targeted by combining the :first-child and :not pseudo-classes from CSS3, available in all modern browsers, like so:

.row :first-child:not(header) { /* ... */ }

In the future advanced pseudo-class selectors like :has(), and subsequent-sibling combinators (~), will provide even more control as Web standards continue to evolve over time.

回答7:

You could .class all the headings in Your document if You would like to target them with a single selector, as follows,

<h1 class="heading">...heading text...</h1>
<h2 class="heading">...heading text...</h2>

and in the css

.heading{
    color: #Dad;
    background-color: #DadDad;
}

I am not saying this is always best practice, but it can be useful, and for targeting syntax, easier in many ways,

so if You give all h1 through h6 the same .heading class in the html, then You can modify them for any html docs that utilize that css sheet.

upside, more global control versus "section div article h1, etc{}",

downside, instead of calling all the selectors in on place in the css, You will have much more typing in the html, yet I find that having a class in the html to target all headings can be beneficial, just be careful of precedence in the css, because conflicts could arise from

回答8:

You can also use PostCSS and the custom selectors plugin

@custom-selector :--headings h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6;

article :--headings {
  margin-top: 0;
}

Output:

article h1,
article h2,
article h3,
article h4,
article h5,
article h6 {
  margin-top: 0;
}